NTA-NET (UGC-NET) Psychology (04) Learning-Tolman's Purposive Behavior Study Material (Page 2 of 3)

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Tolman՚s Purposive Behavior: Tolman՚s Sign Gestalt Theory

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Mainly propounded by Tolman and it draws its views from both Gestalt and Behavioristic Approach. Tolman termed system of psychology as ‘purposive behaviorism’ because it captures one of the fundamental notions that organism produces behavior for some adaptive purpose. He started out as a behaviorist but acquired an interest in Gestalt theories and adapted some Gestalt concepts into his work. He believed individuals do more than merely respond to stimuli; they act on beliefs, attitudes, changing conditions, and they strive toward goals. Tolman is virtually the only behavi…

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Tolman՚s Purposive Behavior: Tolman՚s Intervening Variables

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Tolman՚s Intervening Variables

Tolman introduced intervening variables into the nomenclature of learning psychology. Hull finally adopted the concept and terminology of intervening variables in psychology. In Tolman՚s system, there are three classes of variables as:

  • Dependent: A dependent variable is what is measured in the experiment and is affected during the experiment. The dependent variable responds to the independent variable. It is called dependent because it “depends” on the independent variable. It generally refers to behaviors or responses being observed and measured.
  • Independent: An independent variable is presumed to affect or determine a dependent variable…

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