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We have 1391 Notes in NTA-NET (UGC-NET) Political Science (02) course arranged below by topic-subtopic. Topic-wise count & %effort is given in brackets. Green bars show topic progress as you mark the titles complete (Show me how).
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Political Theory and Thought [166 Notes- 11% Effort]
Kautilya and Shanti Parva [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Arthashastra
- Political Theory - Approaches
- 2
- Formation of New States and Alteration of Boundaries: The Territory of India Shall Comprise (Article 1)
- Basic Objectives: Socialism, Democratic, Republic, Justice
- 3
- Political Theory in Arthashastra
Plato and Aristotle [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Golden Mean is a Golden Rule
- The Theory of the Philosopher՚s King
- 2
- The Theory of Revolution
- Roman Political Thought: Roman Thought and Cicero
- 3
- Plato - Aristotle
European Thought-I [12 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Machiavelli
- Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712 - 1778) : Rousseau on Human Nature, Rousseau on State of Nature, Rousseau on Social Contract
- 2
- Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712 - 1778) : Rousseau on General Will, Rousseau on Sovereignty, Individualism and Absolutism in Rousseau, Shortcomings and Inconsistencies of Rousseau, Conclusion
- Rousseau on State of Nature and Human Nature: About Rousseau, Rousseau՚s ‘Discourse on the Arts and Sciences’ , Rousseau՚s ‘Discourse on Inequality’
- 3
- Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712 - 1778) : His Major Works, on Enlightenment, Rousseau՚s Political Philosophy, Private Property, Analysis of Inequality
- Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712 - 1778) : The Social Contract, General Will, Popular Sovereignty, Critique of Liberal Representative Government, on Family and Women, Conclusion, Famous Quotes
- 4
- Saint Augustine
- European Thought – Machiavelli
- 5
- European Thought – Hobbes
- European Thought - Locke
- 6
- European Thought II – Rousseau
- St. Augustine
European Thought-II [21 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- J. S. Mills՚ View on Liberty
- Jeremy Bentham: Works of Bentham, Principle of Utilitarianism/Benthamism, Bentham՚s View on Pleasure, Bentham on Natural Law and Natural Rights
- 2
- Jeremy Bentham: Bentham on State, Bentham on Individual Liberty, Bentham on Government, Shortcomings of Bentham, Conclusion
- Jeremy Bentham and His Principles of Utility Doctrine of Utilitarianism
- 3
- George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770 - 1831) : Important Works/Books, Important Concept and Theories of Hegel- Idealism, Dialectical Method
- George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770 - 1831) : Application of Dialectic Method by Hegel, Philosophy of History, Stages of History, Theory of State, Civil Society
- 4
- Jeremy Bentham (1748 – 1832) : His Major Works, His Theory of Utilitarianism
- Jeremy Bentham (1748 – 1832) : His Other Major Reforms, the Modern State, His Famous Quotes
- 5
- Hegel: About, Hegel՚s Idea of Family, Civil Society and State
- Western Political Thought: Thomas Hill Green and His Major Works, Theory of Rights
- 6
- Revolution Theory: Meaning and Marxist Theory of Revolutionary Change, Dialectical Materialism, Historical Materialism, Stages of History and Class Conflict, Class Struggle and Marxist Ideology
- Frantz Fanon
- 7
- Hannah Arendt
- Marxist Understanding of Politics and Power
- 8
- J. S Mill: Reformist Liberals
- Thomas Hill Green: Reformist Liberal
- 9
- Karl Marx and Scientific Socialism
- European Thought II – Bentham
- 10
- ET II-J. S Mill
- ET II – Hegel
- 11
- Mary Wollstonecraft
Contemporary Political Thought-I [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Hegemony: Antonio Gramsci
- Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1879 - 1924) : His Major Works, Lenin՚s Theory of State and Revolution
- 2
- Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1879 - 1924) : Democratic Centralism, Dictatorship of the Proletariat, Theory of Imperialism, His Major Quotes
- Mao Zedong (1893 – 1997) – Views on Peasantry & Cultural Revolution: His Major Work, on Contradiction, Views on the Role of Peasantry in Revolution
- 3
- Mao Zedong (1893 – 1997) – Views on Peasantry & Cultural Revolution: New Democracy, Cultural Revolution, His Famous Quotes
- Gramsci and IR Theory
- 4
- Contemporary Political Thought I – Lenin
- Contemporary Political Thought I – Mao
- 5
- CPT I – Gramsci
Contemporary Political Thought-II [8 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Conceptions of Justice (with Special Reference to Rawls՚ Theory of Justice)
- Justice: Communitarian Critiques
- 2
- Communitarians: Some of the Important Thinkers, Important Books, Communitarian on Politics
- Communitarians: Communitarians on the State, Communitarian Theory of Citizenship, Communitarians on Justice
- 3
- John Rawls (1921 – 2002) : His Major Works, Political Thought- Theory of Justice: Justice as Fairness
- John Rawls (1921 – 2002) : Problem of Distribution, Principles of Justice- Principle of Equal Liberty, Principle of Fair Equality of Opportunity, Difference Principle, Principles of International Justice, His Famous Quotes
- 4
- Robert Nozick (1938 – 2002) : His Major Works, Modes of Acquisition, Principles of Entitlement, His Famous Quotes- Nozick՚s Theory of Justice, Initial Acquisition, Rectification
- CPT II – Rawls
Modern Indian Thought [40 Notes- 2% Effort]
- 1
- Relevance of Gandhism Today
- Mahatama Gandhi: Champaran Satyagraha, Agitation at Kheda District in Gujarat, Industrial Dispute in Ahmadabad, Character of Gandhian Nationalism
- 2
- Political Thought and Politics of Jawaharlal Nehru
- Jawahar Lal Nehru
- 3
- Nehru and Democracy
- Fabian Influence: Independence First, Attitude Towards Capitalism, Non-Acceptance of Gandhiji՚s Ideas
- 4
- Sri Aurobindo - A Life-Affirming Tilt
- Sir Aurobindo - The Life Divine
- 5
- Mahatma Gandhi
- Mahatama Gandhi
- 6
- The Nehru Report
- Important Quotations by Mahatma Gandhi (Rev.)
- 7
- Gandhi՚s Religion
- Swami Vivekananda: Influences, Philosophy of Neo – Vedanta, Vivekananda on Nationalism, Perception on Society and Social Institutions
- 8
- Swami Vivekananda: Vivekananda on Education, Gender Justice, Dignity of Women and the Views of Swami Vivekananda, Relevance of Vivekananda՚s Ideas in the Modern World, Conclusion
- B. R. AMBEDKAR (1891 – 1956) : His Major Works, on Democracy, on Social Justice, on Separate Electorates, His Famous Quotes
- 9
- M. N. ROY (1887 - 1954) : His Major Works, Analysis of Indian Society, His Modified Views, Radical or New Humanism, Critised Marxism, His Famous Quotes
- The Nehruvian Consensus and After: Features of Nehruvian Consensus- Component of Nehruvian Consensus, Centre Led Cooperative Parliamentary Federalism, Land Reforms, Foreign Policy
- 10
- V. D. Savarkar: His Important Works, Revolutionary Savarkar, Hindutva and Hindu Rashtra, Critical of Hinduism for Untouchability
- Aggannasutta
- 11
- Barani
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- 12
- Rabindranath Tagore
- Political Theory in Dharmasastra Manu
- 13
- Tilak and Theory of Protest
- M. N. Roy and Radical Humanism
- 14
- Idea of Nation: Iqbal
- V. D Savarkar
- 15
- Social Justice Discourse: Ambedkar
- Socialist Intervention: Ram Manohar Lohia
- 16
- Dharmasastra
- Swami Vivekananda
- 17
- Periyar E. V. Ramaswamy
- Muhammad Iqbal
- 18
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
- Ram Manohar Lohia
- 19
- Jaya Prakash Narayan
- Deendayal Upadhyaya
- 20
- Kabir
- Pandita Ramabai
Concepts and Issue-I [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Medieval Political Thought: Characteristics of the Medieval Political Thought, Conclusion
- Medieval Political Thought: The Important Features of the Medieval Period Can be Summarized as Follows- Institution of Monarchy, Spread of Universalism, Co-Existence of Temporal and Spiritual Authorities, Scholasticism and the Study of the Pre-Christian Values
- 2
- Medieval Political Thought: Competition of the Church and the Empire- Source of Law, Absence of the Concept of Sovereignty, Theory of Two Swords, Major Medieval Political Thinkers, st. Augustine, st. Thomas Acquinas, Dante
Concepts and Issue-II [31 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Rights
- Types of Rights
- 2
- Human Rights
- Liberty
- 3
- Positive Liberty and Negative Liberty
- Social Equality: St. Augustine
- 4
- Relation between Equality and Freedom: Milton Friedman
- Rights: Meaning and Theories - Edmund Burke
- 5
- Different Kinds of Rights: John Locke
- Concept of Human Rights: Franklin Delano Roosevelt
- 6
- Concept of Power: Hobbes Understanding of the Leviathan State
- Behaviouralism and Post – Behaviouralism: Summary- Features of Behavioural Approach, Features of Post Behaviouralism
- 7
- Decline and Resurgence of Political Theory: Significance of Political Theory Explained in the Following Points Mentioned below- Control of Social Life, Encouragement to Mutual Respect and Tolerations
- Decline and Resurgence of Political Theory: Decline of Political Theory- Major Causes Behind the Decline of Political Theory Includes, Resurgence of Political Theory
- 8
- The Concept of Democracy: Definitions of Democracy, Types of Democracy- Direct Democracy, Indirect Democracy
- The Concept of Democracy: Principles of Democracy-Government by Consent, Public Accountability, Majority Rule, Recognition of Minority Rights, Constitutional Government, Mechanism of Democracy
- 9
- Concept of Equality: Definitions of Equality, Types of Equality- Formal and Substantive Equality, Legal Equality, Political Equality, Socio and Economic Equality
- The Concept of Liberty: Definitions of Liberty, Famous Books on Liberty, Types of Liberty, Major Thinkers and Their Views on Liberty
- 10
- Political Elite: C Wright Mills - Concept of Power Elites, Power Elites - Wilfred Pareto, Mosca, Robert Michel՚s, C. Wright Mills
- Power: Meaning of Power, Theories of Power, Gender Perspective of Power, Pluralist Theory of Power
- 11
- Power: Gramscian Notion of Power, Hannah Arendt Theory of Power, Hannah Arendt Analysis of Power, Comparative Perspective of Power
- Challenges of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Types of Democracy, Factors Influencing Democracy, Elected Representative Undemocratic Behaviour, Political Dynasty Legacy
- 12
- Challenges of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Democratic Effect on India, Transitory Democracy, Causes of Democratization, Democratisation: Views – Reviews, Democratic Consolidation, Challenges to Democracy, Conclusion
- Power: Understanding, Power-Authority-Legitimacy
- 13
- Citizenship
- Equality of What and Justification of Equality
- 14
- Understanding Liberty
- Nehru and Democratic Socialism
- 15
- Justice
- Citizenship, Single Citizenship, Overseas Citizenship of India, Registration of Overseas Citizen of India Cardholder
- 16
- Citizenship, Overseas Citizenship of India, Renunciation of Overseas Citizen of India Card
Liberalism [4 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Liberal: Glorious Revolution 1688 - The Birth of Modern Day Rights
- Liberalism: Schools of Liberalism
- 2
- Liberalism: Basic Tenets of Liberalism
- Liberalism: Exponents of Liberalism, Two Main Stream of Liberal Thought
Role of Ideology [4 Notes- Negligible Effort]
General Political Theory [14 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Meaning and Nature of Political Theory: Nature of Political Theory
- Scope of Political Theory
- 2
- The Elite Theory of Democracy, Criticisms
- Political Culture: Culture, What is Political Culture? - Parochial Political Culture, Subject Political Culture, Participant Political Culture, Comparative Study of Political Development
- 3
- What is Theory and Need to Study
- Approaches: Liberal, Conservative Tradition
- 4
- Approaches- Marxist Tradition
- Approaches: Feminist Tradition
- 5
- Approaches: Post-Modernist
- Understanding of Politics and Power
- 6
- Understanding Civil Society
- Thomas Aquinas
- 7
- General Political Theory
- Political Theory: Nature of Political, Scope, Importance
Political Traditions [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Political Philosophy
- Feminism
- 2
- Marxism
- Socialism
- 3
- Ecologism
- Multiculturalism
- 4
- Impact of Modernity on Gender
- Postmodernism
- 5
- Conservatism
Confucius [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Comparative Politics and Political Analysis [128 Notes- 11% Effort]
Evolution of Comparative Politics as a Discipline [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Concepts, Nature, Scope and Significance
- Comparative Public Administration
- 2
- Comparative Politics in 20th Century: Features of Comparative Politics in the Early 20th Century
- Comparative Politics in 20th Century: Comparative Politics After Mid-20th Century: Behavioural Approach, Features of Behavioural Approach
- 3
- Comparative Politics: Evolution, Nature and Content
Approaches to Study of Comparative Politics [15 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Approaches and Methods: Institutional Approach
- System Approach: Salient Features of System Approach, Merits of System Approach, Demerits of System Approach
- 2
- Marxist: Karl Marx
- Structural Approach to Comparative Politics: Preface to Structural Approach, Features of Structural Approach, Criticisms Faced by Structural Approach
- 3
- Nature of Political Culture: Definitions of Political Culture, Nature of Political Culture
- Need, Scope and Historical Overview of Comparative Politics
- 4
- New Institutional
- Institutional Approach
- 5
- Structural Approach
- Institutional Approach: Traditional Concept of Institution, Purpose of Institution
- 6
- Cultural Approach
- Political Economy/Marxian Approach
- 7
- State in Asian and African Societies
- Response of the Political System Against Articulation- Comparing Asia, Africa, and Latin America
- 8
- Approaches to the Study of Comparative Politics
Constitutionalism [16 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Constitutionalism – Brief Introduction: Difference between Constitution and Constitutionalism՚s, Elements of Constitutionalism, Idea of Liberal Constitutionalism, Negative Constitutionalism, Western Constitutionalism
- Constitutionalism – Concept: Constitutional Government in Developing Countries, Case of Asia
- 2
- Constitutionalism: Features & Objectives
- Judicial Independence and Liberal Constitutionalism
- 3
- Constitutionalism: Judicial Review, Rule of Law, Separation of Power
- Emergency Provisions
- 4
- Constitutionalism in Advanced Industrial Countries
- Constitutional Government
- 5
- Rule of Law
- Basic Structure of the Constitution, Element of the Basic Structure
- 6
- Salient Features of the Constitution, Introduction, Lengthiest Written Constitution
- Salient Features of the Constitution, Criticism of the Constitution, a Borrowed Constitution
- 7
- Salient Features of the Constitution, Directive Principles of State Policy
- Salient Features of the Constitution, Three- Tier Government, Co- Operative Societies
- 8
- Special Status of Jammu and Kashmir, Features of J &K Constitution
- Tribunals, Administrative Tribunals, Tribunals for Other Matters
Forms of Government [21 Notes- 2% Effort]
- 1
- Parliamentary Committees, Meaning, Classification, Standing Committees
- Parliamentary Committees, Financial Committees, Public Accounts Committee
- 2
- Parliamentary Committees, Committees to Scrutinize and Control
- Parliamentary Committees, Departmental Standing Committees
- 3
- Parliamentary System, Features of Parliamentary Government, Features of Presidential Government
- Parliament, Organisation of Parliament, Composition of the Two Houses
- 4
- Parliament, System of Elections to Lok Sabha, Duration of Two Houses
- Parliament, Membership of Parliament, Qualifications, Disqualifications
- 5
- Parliament, Presiding Officers of Parliament, Role, Powers and Functions
- Parliament, Leaders in Parliament, Sessions of Parliament, Summoning
- 6
- Parliament, Devices of Parliamentary Proceedings, Point of Order
- Parliament, Legislative Procedure in Parliament, Public Bill vs. Private Bill
- 7
- Parliament, Joint Sitting of Two Houses, Constitution, Speaker of Lok Sabha
- Parliament, Budget in Parliament, Stages in Enactment, Other Grants
- 8
- Parliament, Multifunctional Role of Parliament, Legislative Powers and Functions
- Parliament, Ineffectiveness of Parliamentary Control, Position of Rajya Sabha
- 9
- Parliament, Parliament Privileges, Meaning, Classification, Collective Privileges
- Parliament, Sovereignty of Parliament, Written Nature of the Constitution
- 10
- Term & Vacancy of Vice-President of India, Term of Office, Vacancy in Office
- Telecommunications Bill 2023: Important Advantages and Its Key Features, Limitations of Telecommunication Bills
- 11
- Telecommunications Bill 2023
Organs of Government [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- USA Supreme Court
- Legislature
- 2
- Control over Administration: Executive and Judiciary Control
- Union Parliament
- 3
- State Legislature, Duration of Two Houses, Membership of State Legislature
- State Legislature, Presiding Officers of State Legislature, Sessions of State Legislature
- 4
- State Legislature, Legislative Procedure in State Legislature, Ordinary Bills
- State Legislature, Position of Legislative Council, Equal with Assembly
- 5
- State Legislature, Privileges of State Legislature, Collective Privileges
Party Systems and Pressure Groups [12 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Evolution and Shifts in Party System: Dominant Party System, Its Breakdown: Party System, Party System in India, Breakdown of Congress System and Emergence of Multiparty System
- Multi-Party System and Coalition Politics in India – I (from Beginning Till Nineties) : Multi-Party Coalition – Theoritical Premise, Multi-Party Coalition, Coalition Governments at the Centre
- 2
- Multi-Party System and Coalition Politics in India – I (from Beginning Till Nineties) : Congress Hegemony Period, Second Phase (1967 - 1977) : Transition to Multi -Party Politics, Restoration of Congress Dominance & Its Decline, Crisis in Congress Dominance, the Beginning of Formal Coalitions at the Centre, the Janata Phase of Coalition Politics
- Multi-Party System and Coalition Party – II: Multi-Party Coalitions in the Nineties՚ & Later, Second BJP Led Coalition: The National Democratic, the First United Progressive Alliance, Conclusion
- 3
- Electoral Systems
- Non-Government Organisation
- 4
- Civil Society Campaign
- The Concept of Civil Society: Emergence and Revival
- 5
- Understanding the Role of Civil Society in Advanced Western Societies: A Comparative Analysis
- New Social Movements in Developed Societies
- 6
- Pressure Groups: Development, Definition, Differences, Types
- Social Movements and New Social Movements
Bureaucracy [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Political Development and Political Modernization [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Important Characteristics of “Political Development”
- Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies
Political Culture [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Political Socialization [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Political Communication [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Political Elite [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Power [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Revolution [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Dependency [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Colonialism and Decolonization [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Types of Colonialism
- Colonialism
- 2
- Forms of Colonialism
- Forms of Anti-Colonial Struggles
- 3
- Anti-Colonial Struggle
Nationalism [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
State Theory [10 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Post Colonial and Feminist: Feminist Movement
- Welfare State: Features of Welfare State
- 2
- Debate over the Nature of State in Capitalist and Socialist Societies
- Globalization
- 3
- Modernity in Advanced Capitalist Countries: Meaning, Nature and Forms
- Impact of Modernity on Class
- 4
- Liberal and Welfare State
- Post-Colonial State: Africa & India
- 5
- Nation State
- Post-Colonial State: Post Asian Societies & Colonial States
Political Regims - Democratic [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Political Regims - Non Democratic Regimes [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Democratisation [4 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Democracy: Classical and Contemporary Theories
- Democratic Transition and Patrimonialism
- 2
- Consolidation
- Issues of Democracy (with Special Reference to Africa, Asia, and Latin America)
Development [4 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Issues of Modernization
- Underdevelopment and Development
- 2
- Development Modernization
- World System Theory
Structures of Power [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Authority and Legitimacy: Authority- Marx Weber Contribution to Concept of Authority
- Authority and Legitimacy: Legitimacy- Indications of Legitimacy, State Converts Its Power into Legitimacy, Relation between Legitimacy and Hegemony, Concept of Legitimation Crisis, Relations between Power, Authority, Legitimacy, Weber Analysis of Authority
- 2
- Democratic Elitism
Indian Government and Politics [602 Notes- 38% Effort]
National Movement [13 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Montague Chelmsford Reforms
- Analysis of Charter Act of 1833: The Charter Act of 1853, Analysis, Government of India Act 1858
- 2
- The East India Company՚s Control Came to an End as: Secretary of State, Governor-General of India, Analysis, Indian Council Act 1861
- Analysis: The Act of 1781 (Declaratory Act) Provisions
- 3
- Pitt՚s India Act, 1784: Provisions, Analysis
- Charter Acts: 1793, 1813,1833, and 1853: The Charter Act of 1793, the Charter Act of 1813
- 4
- Changes on the Legislative Side: Powers of Governor-General, Analysis, Government of India Act 1935
- Federal Structure: Features of Federal Legislature, Federal Lists, Federal Court, Provincial Government
- 5
- Analysis: Indian Council Act 1892, Indian Council Act 1909, Morley-Minto Reforms
- Analysis: Government of India Act 1919, Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, Dyarchy Was Introduced in Provinces
- 6
- The Position of Governor-General, Reactions, the Indian Independence Act, 1947, under the Act
- National Movement, Introduction
- 7
- Legacies of Indian Nationalist Movement: Evolution of Indian Nationalist Movement, Political Legacies- Democratic Policy, Indian Federalism, Secular State, Foreign Policy, Economic Legacies, Socialism
Constitutional Developments and the Making of Indian Constitution [26 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- The Basic Structure
- Indian Constitution
- 2
- Sources of Constitution - British Constitution
- Sources of Constitution (Part 2)
- 3
- Sources of Constitution - Germany Constitution (Rev.)
- Advisory Committee: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee, Minorities Sub-Committee, Appointed to the Sub-Committee by President Prasad in June 1947
- 4
- Constitutional History: Regulating Act 1773, Provisions, Powers of Supreme Court, Constitution of Supreme Court
- For this an Amendment of the Constitution is Necessary, Reorganisation of States, Advantages of a Small State, Disadvantages of a Small State
- 5
- Commencement, Authoritative Tax in Hindi, Sources of the Constitution
- Steering Committee, Rajendra Prasad, Chairman, Indian States-70
- 6
- Rule Committee, States Committee, Drafting Committee
- Drafting Committee, Chronology of Draft Constitution
- 7
- The Mukherjee Formula, Constitutional Provisions. , Article 268 - Article 272, Taxes Assigned to the Union and Collected by the Union
- Union Powers Committee, Union Constitution Committee, Ad Hoc Committee on the Supreme Court, Provincial Constitution Committee
- 8
- Making the Constituent Assembly of India: Why a Country Needs Constitution, Constituent Assembly of India- Words of Drafting Members, Challenges Before the Indian Constituent Assembly- Words of Drafting Members
- Making the Constituent Assembly of India: Dominant Concerns of the Constitution Makers- Preamble, Indian Model, Features of Indian Constitution- Federal to Unitary Feature Separation of Power, Parliamentary Model
- 9
- Making the Constituent Assembly of India: Amendment Procedure, Absolute Majority, Affirmative Action, Secularism
- Making the Constituent Assembly of India: Formation of the Constituent Assembly of India, Cabinet Mission Recommendation- Cabinet Mission Arrival, March 24,1946
- 10
- Constituent Assembly of India: After Cabinet Mission- Second Session, Third Session
- Constituent Assembly of India: Socio-Economic Composition, Vision and Ideology
- 11
- Perceiving and Building Institution: President Office- Article 53 of Constitution Lays down, Nehru – Prasad Interaction on Role of President, Nehru – Patel Interaction on Pm Cabinet, Nehru Critique of ICS, Patel Argument
- Federal System and Unitary Model of Government: Comparative Features of the Federal and the Unitary Government
- 12
- Emergency Provisions, National Emergency, Grounds of Declaration
- Municipalities, Municipal Personnel, Municipal Revenue, Tax Revenue
- 13
- Municipalities, Types of Urban Governments, Cantonment Board, Municipality
- Provisional Collection of Taxes Bill, 2023
Ideological Bases of the Indian Constitution [13 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Making of the Constitution, General Provisions
- Constitution Making Provisions, Regarding Constituent Assembly
- 2
- Nature of Constitution, Being a Written Constitution, the Implications Are, Federal Structure with Unitary Features
- Presidential & Parliamentary Form of Government
- 3
- Res Judicata, Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, Quo-Warranto
- Curative Petition, Concept of Sustainable Development, Concept of Precautionary Principle, Per Incuriam and Sub-Silentio
- 4
- Ideological Basis of Indian Constitution, Evolution of Constitution, Preamble as the Philosophy of Constitution
- Socio Economic Composition, Ideological Moorings, Vision: Composition and Nature of Constituent Assembly
- 5
- Ideological Basis of Indian State: Justice-Social, Economic and Political- Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, Dignity of Individual
- Ideological Basis of Indian State: Unity and Integrity of the Nation, ‘Basic Structure’ Doctrine, Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala (1973) and Afterwards
- 6
- Perspective on Nature of Indian State: Marxist Perspective
- Perspective on Nature of Indian State: Developmental State
- 7
- Perspective on Nature of Indian State: Neo-Liberal State, Proponents of Neo Liberalism, Gandhian Perspective
Preamble [7 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- The Preamble
- Preamble
- 2
- Basic Objectives: Secularism
- Preamble, the Purpose, Basic Objectives, People of India, Sovereign
- 3
- The Preamble, What is Constitution? , Preamble, the Spirit of the Constitution, Amendments, Explanations
- Ideological Basis of Indian State: Terms in Preamble- Sovereignty, Socialism, Secularism, Democracy, Republic
- 4
- Preamble of the Constitution, Text of the Preamble, Key Words in the Preamble
Fundamental Rights [25 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Article 17: Abolition of Untouchability, Article 18 - Abolition of Titles
- Right to Freedom: Article 19
- 2
- Constitution at a Glance: Right to Equality, Right to Freedom
- Right to Freedom of Religion: Cultural and Educational Rights, Right to Constitutional Remedies
- 3
- Free and Compulsory Education for Children, Article 44, Uniform Civil Code
- Freedom of Assembly, Freedom to Form Association, Freedom of Movement, Freedom of Residence, Freedom of Profession, Occupation, Trade or Business
- 4
- Fundamental Rights and Globalization
- Non-Justiciable Rights of Citizen, Socialistic, Liberal Intellectualistic, Gandhian
- 5
- Laws and “Laws in Force” , Can FRs be Amended? , Classification of FRS, Right to Equality, Article 14
- Article 12 , Definition of the State, Article 13, Laws Inconsistent with FRS (Article 13) , Judicial Review
- 6
- Provisions, Limitations, Fundamental Rights
- Article 28, Prohibition of Religious Instruction in State-Aided Institution, Cultural and Educational Rights, Article 29 and Article 30
- 7
- Recommendations on SC/st/OBCs, on Fundamental Rights
- Article 23, Prohibition of Traffic in Human Beings and Forced Labour, Article 24, Prohibition of Employment of Children in Factories
- 8
- Right to Freedom of Religion, Article 25, Reasonable Restrictions
- Right to Property, Present Status, Right to Property: Through Various Amendments, Present Status
- 9
- Chapter IV: Right to Property, Chapter I: Services, Chapter II: Public Service Commissions
- Freedom of Speech and Expression
- 10
- Freedom of Press
- What Are the Reasonable Restrictions? Exceptions to the Right to Freedom
- 11
- On Fundamental Rights, Other Recommendations
- Fundamental Rights, Nature of Fundamental Rights
- 12
- Due Process/Procedure Established by Law: Due Process of Law, History of Due Process of Law, Article 21 Debate, Debate on Article 22, Procedure Established by Law
- Rights and Liabilities of the Government, Property of the Union and the States
- 13
- Press and Registration of Periodical Bill, 2023: Salient Features of Press and Registration of Periodicals Bill 2023
Duties and Directive Principles [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Directive Principles of State Policy: Part IV. Article 36 to 51, Importance of DPSP, Critics of DPSP
- Difference between FRs and DPSP, Relative Position of FR and DPSP, Current Status
- 2
- Part IV-A: Fundamental Duties, Ten Duties, Utility of FDs, Concept of Sustainable Development
- Federalism, Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles, Fundamental Duties, Emergency, the Constitution (Forty-Third Amendment) Act, 1977
- 3
- Directive Principles, Nature of DPSP, Classification of DPSP, Provisions That Later Added
Constitution as Instrument of Socio-Economic Change [25 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Pillars of Government
- Chapter II: Administrative Relations General: Disputes Relating to Waters
- 2
- Chapter I: Finance: Miscellaneous Financial Provisions, Chapter II: Borrowing, Chapter III: Property, Contracts, Rights, Liabilities, Obligations and Suits
- Background: The Indestructible Union, Part I, Article 1 to 4, Article: 1 to 4 (Part I) : Union and Its Territories
- 3
- Basic Objectives: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, Dignity of the Individual, Unity and the Integrity of the Nations
- Constitution of India: Article: Country and PIO Population, Citizenship Act: Article 5 to 11
- 4
- Committee of Privileges Consists and Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures -1
- Commonwealth Citizenship: Classification
- 5
- Termination of Citizenship: Rights Not Available to Aliens, Pravasi Bhartiya Diwas
- Comptroller and Auditor General: Part V Article 148 - 151, Role of PAC in Parliamentary System
- 6
- Chapter V: Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) : Chapter I-General, Chapter II: The Executive
- Chapter III: The State Legislature: Officers of the State Legislature, Disqualifications of Members, Legislative Procedure, Procedure in Financial Matters, Procedure Generally
- 7
- Doctrine of Pith and Substance, Public Interest Litigation (PIL) , Delegated and Subordinate Legislation
- Financial Relations: Transfer of Resources - Via Planning Commission, the Gadgil Formula
- 8
- Inter-State Councils
- Important Writs: Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, Quo-Warranto
- 9
- Non-Resident Indians, Persons of Indian Origin, Referendum, Plebiscite, Direct Democracy
- Rule of Law, Exception to the Rule of Law, Doctrine of Classification, Equal Pay for Equal Work
- 10
- Doctrine of Severability, Doctrine of Eclipse, Doctrine of Waiver
- Legislative Councils, Creation and Abolition of Legislative Council, Article 171, the Composition
- 11
- Doctrine of Severability, Doctrine of Eclipse
- Article 22, Persons Detained under the Law of Preventive Detention, Right to be Defended by a Lawyer of His Own Choice, Preventive Detention (PD) Laws
- 12
- Article 257, Delegation of Union Functions to the States, All-India Services, Grants in-Aid, Miscellaneous
- Perceiving and Building Institution: Constituent Assembly of India – to Choose Form of Government, Debate of Indigenous System
- 13
- Union Territories, Creation of Union Territories, Administration of Union Territories
Constitutional Amendments and Review [74 Notes- 3% Effort]
- 1
- Types of Amendments
- No Confidence Motion and Censure Motion (Rev.)
- 2
- The First Amendment Act
- 98th Amendment Bill, 2003: Implications, Appointment of CJI
- 3
- Anti-Defection Law: Article 101,102, 191 - 192 and Tenth Schedule
- Amendment Procedure: Article 368, Amendment to the Article
- 4
- The AMU Verdict: Grounds of Rejection, Implications
- Article 31: Amendments to the Law
- 5
- Article 32: Difference between Article 32 and Article 226, Res Judicata, Suspension of Article 32: Clause (4)
- Article 360: Centre-State Relations -Part XI Article 245 - 293
- 6
- Constitutional Perspective: Legislative Relations: 245 - 255 - Extraordinary Conditions to Legislate State List
- Comparative Position: History of Amendments
- 7
- The Constitution (Second Amendment) Act, 1952, the Constitution (Third Amendment) Act, 1954, the Constitution (Fourth Amendment) Act, 1955, the Constitution (Fifth Amendment) Act, 1955 , the Constitution (Sixth Amendment) Act, 1956
- The Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, the Constitution (Eighth Amendment) Act, 1959, the Constitution (Ninth Amendment) Act, 1961, the Constitution (Tenth Amendment) Act, 1961, the Constitution (Eleventh Amendment) Act, 1961
- 8
- The Constitution (Twelfth Amendment) Act, 1962, the Constitution (Thirteenth Amendment) Act, 1962, the Constitution (Fourteenth Amendment) Act, 1962.
- Conditions for the Application of Clause (1) : The Right to Establish and Administer
- 9
- The Constitution (Sixty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 1990, the Constitution (Sixty-Seventh Amendment) Act, 1991, the Constitution (Sixty-Eighth Amendment) Act, 1991, the Constitution (Sixty-Ninth Amendment) Act, 1991, the Constitution (Seventieth Amendment) Act, 1992, the Constitution (Seventy-First Amendment) Act, 1992
- The Constitution (Seventy-Second Amendment) Act, 1992 , the Constitution (Seventy-Third Amendment) Act, 1992, the Constitution (Seventy-Fourth Amendment) Act, 1992, the Constitution (Seventy-Fifth Amendment) Act, 1993, the Constitution (Seventy-Sixth Amendment) Act, 1994, the Constitution (Seventy-Seventh Amendment) Act, 1995
- 10
- The Constitution (Seventy-Eight Amendment) Act, 1995, the Constitution (Seventy-Ninth Amendment) Act, 1999, the Constitution (Eightieth Amendment) Act, 2000, the Constitution (Eighty-First Amendment) Act, 2000, the Constitution (Eighty-Second Amendment) Act, 2000, the Constitution (Eighty-Third Amendment) Act, 2000, the Constitution (Eighty- Fourth Amendment) Act, 2001
- Article 15, Article 16
- 11
- Constitutional Provisions, under Article 16 (4) Applies Only if Two Conditions Are Satisfied, Who Are Socially and Educationally Backward Classes, What is the Limit of Reservation
- Emergency Provisions, PART XVII Art 352 to 360, Position of the Court, the 44th Amendment, 1978, Inserted a New Clause
- 12
- Effects of Proclamation, the Use of 356
- Part IX - Article 243, Evaluation
- 13
- Article 20, Ex Post Facto Legislation, Exceptions
- Article 73: Extent of Executive Power of the Union
- 14
- Concept of Precautionary Principle, Union Executive: Part V Article 52 to 78 and 123, Article 52, Article 53
- Equal Pay for Equal Work, Ideals of the State, Shaping of the Policy of the State
- 15
- Jammu and Kashmir, Article 370, Salient Features of the Constitutional Position of the State of Jammu and Kashmir
- Article 350, Article 350A, Article 350B, Article 351, Eighth Schedules
- 16
- Chapter I: Language of the Union, Chapter II: Regional Languages, Chapter III: Language of the Supreme Court, High Courts, Etc. , Chapter IV: Special Directives
- Chapter IV: Legislative Power of the Governor, Chapter V: The High Courts in the States, Chapter VI: Subordinate Courts
- 17
- Limitations, Creation of All India Services, Administrative Tribunals, 323 a - 42nd Amendment 1976
- Part X Scheduled and Tribal Areas, Chapter I: Legislative Relations
- 18
- Article 33, Article 34, Article 35
- Article 21, Inter-Relation of Articles 14,19 and 21, Procedure Established by Law, Natural Justice, Other Rights Associated with Article 21
- 19
- 87th Amendment Act, 88th Amendment Act, 89th Amendment
- 338A, Scheduled Tribes, 338A (5) , Duty of the Commission, 90th Amendment Act, Following Has Been Added to Article 332 (6) , the Constitutional Amendment ( 102nd ) Bill, 2003
- 20
- The Closure of Polluting Industries, Right of Education, Prisoner՚s Right and Article 21, Right to Free Legal Aid, Right Against Solitary Confinement, Right to Speedy Trial
- Article 21A, 86th Amendment 2002, Right to Die
- 21
- The Constitution (Eighty-Fifth Amendment) Act, 2001, the Constitution (Eighty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 2002, the 89th Amendment in 2003, the 90th Amendment, the 91st Amendment Bill 2003, the 93rd Amendment 2003, the 94th Constitutional Amendment Bill
- The 95th Constitutional Amendment Bill, the 96th Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2003, 94th Constitutional Amendment Bill, the 99th Amendment, 100th Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2004
- 22
- The Constitution (Fifteenth Amendment) Act, 1963, the Constitution (Sixteenth Amendment) Act, 1963, the Constitution (Seventeenth Amendment) Act, 1964, the Constitution (Eighteenth Amendment) Act, 1966, the Constitution (Nineteenth Amendment) Act, 1966
- The Constitution (Twentieth Amendment) Act, 1966, Article 233, the Constitution (Twenty-First Amendment) Act, 1967, the Constitution (Twenty-Second Amendment) Act, 1969, the Constitution (Twenty-Third Amendment) Act, 1969
- 23
- The Constitution (Twenty-Fourth Amendment) Act, 1971, the Constitution (Twenty-Fifth Amendment) Act, 1971, the Constitution (Twenty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 1971, the Constitution (Twenty-Seventh Amendment) Act, 1971, the Constitution (Twenty-Eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, the Constitution (Twenty-Ninth Amendment) Act, 1972
- The Constitution (Thirtieth Amendment) Act, 1972, the Constitution (Thirty-First Amendment) Act, 1973, the Constitution (Thirty-Second Amendment) Act, 1973, the Constitution (Thirty-Third Amendment) Act, 1974, the Constitution (Thirty-Four Amendment) Act, 1974, the Constitution (Thirty-Fifth and Thirty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 1974 - 75
- 24
- The Constitution (Forty-Fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, the Constitution (Forty-Fifth Amendment) Act, 1980, the Constitution (Forty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 1982, the Constitution (Forty-Seventh Amendment) Act, 1984, the Constitution (Forty-Eighth Amendment) Act, 1984
- The Constitution (Forty-Ninth Amendment) Act, 1984, the Constitution (Fiftieth Amendment) Act, 1984, the Constitution (Fifty-First Amendment) Act, 1984, the Constitution (Fifty-Second Amendment) Act, 1984, the Constitution (Fifty-Third Amendment) Act, 1986
- 25
- The Constitution (Fifty-Fourth Amendment) Act, 1986, the Constitution (Fifty-Fifth Amendment) Act, 1986, the Constitution (Fifty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 1987, the Constitution (Fifty-Seventh Amendment) Act, 1987, the Constitution (Fifty-Eighth Amendment) Act, 1987, the Constitution (Fifty-Ninth Amendment) Act, 1988
- The Constitution (Sixtieth Amendment) Act, 1988, the Constitution (Sixty-First Amendment) Act, 1988, the Constitution (Sixty-Second Amendment) Act, 1990, the Constitution (Sixty-Third Amendment) Act, 1990, the Constitution (Sixty-Four Amendment) Act, 1990, the Constitution (Sixty-Fifth Amendment) Act, 1990
- 26
- The Constitution (Thirty-Seventh Amendment) Act, 1975, the Constitution (Thirty-Eighth Amendment) Act, 1975, the Constitution (Thirty-Ninth Amendment) Act, 1975, the Constitution (Fortieth Amendment) Act, 1976
- The Constitution (Forty-First Amendment) Act, 1976, the Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act, 1976, Preamble, Executive, Judiciary, Article 144A and Article 128A
- 27
- 91st Amendment Act, 92nd Amendment Act, 93rd Amendment Act, 2005
- 104th Amendment Bill, 2005, Official Language of the Union, Part XVII Articles 343 to 351
- 28
- Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, Explanation
- The Territories of the States: 28 States
- 29
- The Union Territory Specified in the First Schedule, Difference between UT and State, Article: 2
- Article: 3, Article: 4, Cession of Indian Territory to Foreign Country
- 30
- Article 219, Article 220, Article 222, Article 223, Article 224, Appointment of Additional and Acting Judges
- Amendment of the Constitution, Procedure for Amendment, Types of Amendments
- 31
- Anti-Defection Law, Provisions of the Act, Evaluation of the Act 91st Amendment Act (2003)
- Attorney General of India, Appointment and Term, Duties and Functions
- 32
- Authoritative Text of the Constitution in Hindi Language, Constitutional Provisions
- Cooperative Societies, Constitutional Provisions, Reasons for the 97th Amendment
- 33
- Directive Principles of State Policy, Features of the Directive Principles
- Municipalities, 74th Amendment Act of 1992, Composition, Wards Committees
- 34
- The National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution: Areas of Concern & Recommendations
- National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitutio: Recommendations of the Commission
- 35
- Repealing and Amending Bill 2023
- National Capital Territory of Delhi Laws (Special Provisions) Second (Amendment) Bill, 2023
- 36
- Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Second Amendment) Bill, 2023
- Government of Union Territories (Amendment) Bill, 2023
- 37
- Jammu and Kashmir Reservation (Amendment) Bill, 2023
- The Central Universities (Amendment) Bill, 2023
Structure and Process-I [82 Notes- 4% Effort]
- 1
- President
- Prime Minister
- 2
- Powers of President (Rev.)
- Allocation of Seats in Parliament
- 3
- Types of Majority
- Breach of Privileges: Joint Sitting, Session, Recess, Adjournment, Prorogation
- 4
- Dissolution: The Question Hours, Zero Hour, Adjournment Motion, Calling Attention Notices, Mentions under Rule 377, Substantive Motion, Subsidiary Motion
- Business Advisory Committee: Committee on Private Members ′ Bill, Committee on Absence of Member ′ S from Sitting, Rules Committee
- 5
- Petitions Committee: Privilege Committee, Committee on Government Assurance Committee on Subordinate Legislation, General Purpose Committee, House Committee
- Joint Library Committee: Committee on Papers Laid on the Table, Terminologies, Difference between the Ad Hoc Committee and Standing Committee
- 6
- Delegated and Subordinate Legislation, Limitation, Quorum in Parliament, Pro-Tem Speaker, Leader of Opposition, Article 319, Article 263
- Article 254 (2) , Breach of Privileges, Contempt of the House, Joint Sitting, Session, Adjournment
- 7
- Difference between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, Special Powers of LS, Deputy Speaker Article 93 to 95, Rule 10, Termination
- Powers and Functions of the Speaker, Parliamentary Privileges
- 8
- Difference between Proper and Improper
- Limitation, Quorum in Parliament, Pro-Tem Speaker, Lame-Duck Session, Leader of Opposition, Point of Order, Article 319, Article 263, Article 254 (2)
- 9
- Estimates Committee and the Functions
- Committee on Empowerment of Women
- 10
- Election of the President and Dispute Regarding It: Article 54
- Article 74: Position of the President
- 11
- Comparative Position of the President and Governor in Relation to the CoMs, Article 75, Appointment of PM
- Finance Commission: In Search of Identity
- 12
- Freedom of Speech in Parliament [Article 105 (1) ]
- Exemption to Serve as Juror
- 13
- Government Accounts, Public Account, Revenue Account, Capital Account
- Kitchen Cabinet, Cabinet Committee, Unattached Member, Plenary Power
- 14
- List of Ministries/Departments
- Majoritarian System, Proportional Representation, Synchronized Polling
- 15
- Ministers of State
- Third Reading, Bill in the Other House, Money Bills, Parliamentary Proceedings, Commencement of a Sittings
- 16
- Parliament, Part V Article 79 to 122, Changing Role of Rajya Sabha, Special Powers of Rajya Sabha
- Chapter II: Parliament, Officers of Parliament, Conduct of Business, Disqualification of Members, Legislative Procedure, Procedure in Financial Matters
- 17
- Chapter III: Legislative Powers of the President, Chapter IV: The Union Judiciary
- Privilege of the President: Article 361, Powers of the President, Pardoning Power
- 18
- Comparative Power of President and Governor: Art 72 and Article 161, Exercise of the Power, Judicial Review of Exercise of President՚s Power, Lies Outside the Purview, Lies Within the Purview
- Article 78, President and Prime Minister, Attorney General of India, Article 76, Solicitor General of India
- 19
- Procedure for Impeachment, Article 61, Vacancy of the Office, Vice-President
- Article 65, Article 66, Election of Vice-President, Amendments, Qualification
- 20
- Process, Article 55, Value of the Votes, Disputes: Article 71, Eligibility for Re-Election, Qualification, Oath by the President
- Prorogation, Dissolution, the Question Hours, Zero Hour, Adjournment Motion, Calling Attention Notices, Short Duration Discussions: 1953
- 21
- Mentions under Rule 377, Substantive Motion, No Date Yet Motion, Resolutions, Parliamentary Control over Finance, Cut Motion, Principle of Guillotine, Appropriation Bill
- Question Hour, Main Business, Legislative Business, Financial Business, Debate in the House
- 22
- Role of CAG in Parliamentary System, New Initiative, Suggestions in the Wake of Liberalization
- Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha
- 23
- Speakers of Lok Sabha, Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha
- Table of Precedence
- 24
- Article 67, Term of Office of Vice-President, Tenure, Article 68, Article 69, Article 70
- Chapter I the Executive, Council of Ministers, Conduct of Government Business
- 25
- Types of Bills, Money Bill, Finance Bill
- How a Bill Becomes an Act, First Reading, Publication in Gazette
- 26
- Article 77, Veto Powers of the President, Legislative Powers, Executive Powers
- Vote on Account, Interim Budget, Vote of Credit, Exceptional Grant, Supplementary Demands/Grants, Joint Sittings
- 27
- Voting and Defection, on SC/st/BCs
- Working of Parliamentary System, Composition of Rajya Sabha, Composition of Lok Sabha
- 28
- Working of Parliamentary System: Summoning, Some Important Terms and Rules
- The Executive in India: President, Criticism of Emergency Power
- 29
- The Executive in India: The Cabinet- Coalition Politics and Presidents Discretion, Powers and Function, Prime Minister – “Primus Inter Pares” , Power and Function, Positioning the Executive in Line
- Indian Parliament: Structure, Function, and Role: Parliamentary System, Structure and Function- Rajya Sabha & Lok Sabha
- 30
- Indian Parliament: Structure, Function, and Role: Legislative Function, Conditions of Deadlock, Changing Representational Profile of Parliament, Parliament – Institution of Accountability
- Union - Executive: Form of Government in India, Meaning of Parliamentary Form of Government, Why Two Heads Are Needed? , Why?
- 31
- Union - Executive: Qualifications for Election as President, Conditions of President՚s Office, Vacancy in the President՚s Office, Nature of Authority of the President
- Vice President: Election, Qualification, Condition of Office, Vice-Presidents of India – Name and Tenure
- 32
- Prime Minister - Term of Office, Powers and Functions of Prime Minister, Role & Description
- Union Executive: Attorney General of India, Appointment and Term, Duties and Functions, Limitation of Attorney General of India, Central Council of Minister
- 33
- Union Executive: Appointment of Prime Minister, Oath and Salary as Prime Minister, Composition of Minister, Constitutional Provisions, Responsibility of the Minister, Role of Cabinet, Role Description of Cabinet
- Parliamentary System and Presidential System: Features of Parliamentary System
- 34
- Parliamentary System and Presidential System: Features of Presidential Government, Merits of Parliamentary System, Demerits of the Parliamentary Government, Reasons for Adopting Parliamentary System, Presidential Form of Government
- The Central Administration – President, Prime Minister
- 35
- Central Administration: Cabinet Secretariat and Cabinet Secretary, Council of Minister and Cabinet
- Urban Local Bodies
- 36
- Control over Administration: Legislative Control
- Parliamentary Forums, Establishment of Forum, Objectives of the Forums
- 37
- Parliamentary Group, Rationale of the Group, Objectives of the Group
- Parliamentary System, Demerits of the Parliamentary System
- 38
- Power and Functions of the Prime Minister of India, in Relation to Council of Minister
- Powers and Functions of Vice President of India, Comparison of Indian and American Vice- President
- 39
- Vice President Election of Vice- President of India, Qualifications, Oath & Affirmation of Vice-President of India
- Provisional Collection of Taxes Bill, 2023
- 40
- Repealing and Amending Bill 2023
- Telecommunications Bill 2023: Important Advantages and Its Key Features, Limitations of Telecommunication Bills
- 41
- Telecommunications Bill 2023
- Post Office Bill 2023
Structure and Process-II [33 Notes- 2% Effort]
- 1
- Appointment of Chairperson and Other Members of State Commission: Removal of a Member of the State Commission
- Conditions when No Party Has Clear Cut Majority: In the Appointment of Chief Minister, State Legislature
- 2
- Article 170: Composition of the Legislative Assemblies, Article 172-Duration of State Legislatures
- In the Appointment of Chief Minister, Dismissal of Ministry
- 3
- Other Recommendations, State Executive: Part VI Article 153 to 167 and 168 - 213, Controversy
- Residuary Power, Relevance of Article 254, Executive or Administrative Relations: 256 - 263, Direction by the Union to the State Governments, Articles 256
- 4
- Taxes Assigned to States and Collected by States (Article 272) , Limitations, Suggestions
- Council of Ministers, Introduction
- 5
- Governor, Nature of Office of Governor, Powers of Governor
- Chief Minister, Powers and Functions
- 6
- Council of Ministers, Constitutional Provisions, Appointment of Ministers
- State Legislature, Composition of Assembly Strength
- 7
- State Legislature: Composition of Council Strength, Duration of Assembly
- Government in States: Legislature, Governor, Chief Minister: Legislative Council, Legislative Assembly
- 8
- Government in States: Legislature, Governor, Chief Minister
- Advocate General of State: Appointment and Term of Office and Duties and Functions
- 9
- Chief Minister: Appointment of Chief Minister, Term, and the Salary
- Power and Functions of Chief Minister: In Relation to Council of Minister, in Relation to the Governor, in Relation of the State Legislature
- 10
- Power and Functions of Chief Minister: In Relation to Council of Minister, Articles Related to Chief Minister Immediately, Relationship of the Governor, List of Chief Ministers
- State Legislature: Membership of State Legislature and Vacation of the Seats, Presiding Officers of State Legislature
- 11
- State Legislature: Membership of State Legislature and Vacation of the Seats, Speaker Power and Duties, Deputy Speaker of Assembly, Chairman of Council, Legislative Process of the Bill, Deputy Chairman of Council, Comparing Legislative Procedure in Parliament and State Legislature
- State Council of Ministers: The Structure of Power in the State Executive, Nature of Advice by the Minister, Appointment of Ministers, Composition of the Council of Ministers, Cabinet Committees, Articles Related to State Council of Ministers Immediately
- 12
- State Executive: Governor, Appointment of Governor and Qualification of the Governor, Term of Governor Office, Powers and Functions of Governor
- State Legislature: Organisation, Composition of Two Houses and Council, Readjustment After Each Census, Session of State Legislature
- 13
- State Administration: Governor, Chief Minister, Cabinet and Council of Ministers, Chief Secretary
- Cabinet Committees, Features of Cabinet Committees, List of Cabinet Committees
- 14
- Central Council of Ministers, Composition of the Council of Ministers
- Central Council of Ministers, Constitutional Provisions, Nature of Advice by Ministers
- 15
- Chief Minister: Appointment; Powers & Functions
- Governor, Appointment of Governor, Conditions of Governor՚s Office
- 16
- Governor, Powers and Functions of Governor, Executive Powers, Financial Powers
- Governor, Constitutional Position of Governor, Articles Related to Governor at a Glance
- 17
- State Council of Ministers, Constitutional Provisions, Appointment of Ministers
Panchayati Raj Institutions [10 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Coming of Panchayat Raj Institutions
- Ashoka Mehta Committee, G V K Rao and L M Singhvi Committee, , 73rd Constitution Amendment Act, Exceptions
- 2
- Procrastination Mandatory Provisions
- Non-Obligatory Provisions, Shortcomings
- 3
- Local Administration: Rural Local Bodies and Their Official
- Panchayats Raj, Municipalities, Union Territories, Scheduled and Tribal Areas
- 4
- Panchayats Raj, 73rd Amendment Act of 1992, Significance of the Act
- Panchayats Raj, Compulsory and Voluntary Provisions, PESA Act of 1996
- 5
- Panchayats Raj, Finances of Panchayats Raj, Administrative Reforms Commission
- Panchayats Raj, Reasons for Ineffective Performance, Lack of Adequate Devolution
Federalism [23 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Indian Federalism and American Federalism
- Federalism and NRC
- 2
- What is Executive?
- Theory and Practice. Definition, Federal Features of the Constitution
- 3
- Theory and Practice: Non-Federal Features (Practice) , Comments of Constitutional Experts
- Emerging Trends in Center State Relations: Trends in Centre-State Relations, Tension Areas in Centre-State Relations, Reforms, Goods and Services Tax Council
- 4
- Inter State Council: Article 263, Composition of Inter-State Council, Functions and Duties, Duties of ISC, Significance
- Inter State Council: Criticism of ISC, What Needs to be Done to Strengthen the ISC, Importance of ISC, Conclusion
- 5
- Centre State Relations: Evolution of Centre – State Relation
- Centre State Relations: Sarkaria Commission
- 6
- Centre State Relations: Extra Constitutional Mechanism, Tensions in Centre – State Relation, Sarkaria Commission
- Centre State Relations: Punchhi Commission, Inter State Council, Local Self-Government, Communal Violence Bill
- 7
- Intergovernmental Relation and Coordination Mechanism: Sarkaria Commission, Punchhi Commission, Niti Aayog
- Changing Federal Structure and State Politics: Federalism, Nature of Indian Federalism, Changing Nature of Federal Setup
- 8
- Federalism: Establishment, History & Duties
- Federalism: Strong Centre Framework and Unitary Form of Government
- 9
- Asymmetrical Federalism in India
- Federalism: Role of Intergovernmental Mechanism, Major Characteristics of Intergovernmental Relations & Mechanisms
- 10
- Demands of Autonomy
- Federal System, Federal Features of the Constitution, Comparing Features of Federal and Unitary Governments
- 11
- Federal System, Unitary Features of the Constitution, Critical Evaluation of the Federal System
- Inter State Relations, Inter- State Water Disputes, Enter – State Councils
- 12
- Inter State Relations, Public Acts, Records and Judicial Proceedings
Judiciary [59 Notes- 4% Effort]
- 1
- Concept of Supreme Court
- Collegium System
- 2
- Natural Justice: Plebiscitary Democracy, Ex Post Facto Legislation, Judicial Benches
- Central Administrative Tribunal
- 3
- Status of CAT: State Administrative Tribunal, Civil Services, IInd Phase (1857 - 1947)
- Central Vigilance Commission: Organization
- 4
- Powers and Functions of CVC: Central Bureau of Investigation
- Appellate Jurisdiction: Article 132, Constitutional Matters, Article 133, Appeal in Criminal Cases: Article 134, Article 136: Special Leave Petition (SLP)
- 5
- Article 137: Is SC Bound by Its Own Decisions, Enlargement of Jurisdiction: Article 138, Conferment of Power: Article 139 and 133 a, Ancillary Powers: Article 140, Article 141, Ratio Decidendi
- Judicial Review
- 6
- Language of the Judiciary, Regional Languages Article 345, Article 346, Article 347
- Lok Pal and Lokayuktas, the Contents of this Bill Include, Lokayuktas
- 7
- Malimath Committee on Criminal Justice, Suggested Changes
- CPC, All-India Judicial Services
- 8
- Enforcement of Decree and Orders of SC: Article 142, Position of the SC, Limitation, Precedent
- Per Incuriam and Sub-Silentio, Doctrine of Pith and Substance, Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
- 9
- Present Status, Article 21, Article 22, Article 22 Deals with Two Separate Matters
- Present Status of PD Law, the Rights to be Informed of Grounds of Arrest
- 10
- Judicial System Part V Art 124 to 147 and Part VI Art 214 to 232 for Hc, the Supreme Court Article 124, Functions, Composition of the Supreme Court
- Preventive Detention Laws, Punitive Detention and Preventive Detention, History of Preventive Detention
- 11
- Recent Rulings of SC, on Conversion, Article 26, Article 27
- Social Action Litigation (SAL) , Advisory Jurisdiction: Article 143, Presidential Reference
- 12
- Tenure and Impeachment, Salaries and Allowances, Acting CJ: Article 126, Ad-Hoc Judges: Article 127
- Attendance of Retired Judges: Article 128, a Court of Record: Article 129, Seat of Supreme Court: Article 130, Original Jurisdiction: Article 131, Pre-Conditions
- 13
- Tenure and Removal, Functions and Powers, Inter-State Water Dispute
- This Time Three Issues Were Referred, the 12th Presidential Reference Has Four Points, Article 144, Article 145
- 14
- High Courts Article 214, Article 215, Article 217, Article 217: Appointment of Judges
- Subordinate Courts, Article 233, Article 233A, Article 234, Article 235, Article 236
- 15
- High Court, Appointment of Judges, Qualifications of Judges, Tenure of Judges
- High Court: Removal of Judges, Independence of Judges, Jurisdiction and Powers of High Court, High Courts and Their Jurisdiction
- 16
- Judicial Review: Evolution, Meaning of Judicial Review, Importance of Judicial Review, Constitutional Provisions for Judicial Review
- Judicial Activism and Public Interest Litigation: Evolution, Meaning, Justification of Judicial Activism, Activators of Judicial Activism
- 17
- Judicial Activism and Public Interest Litigation: Public Interest Litigation
- Judicial Reforms: Evolution of Indian Judiciary, Issues in the Judicial System, What We Need, Why Judicial Reforms and Accountability is Imperative for India, Conclusion
- 18
- Judicial Review and Judicial Activism: Judicial Review- Charts Showing Differences between Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint, Meaning of Judicial Review, Chart Showing the Scope of Judicial Review, Constitutional Provisions for Judicial Review, Scope of Judicial Review
- Judicial Review and Judicial Activism: Judicial Activism- Justification of Judicial Activism, Activators of Judicial Activism, Supreme Court Observations
- 19
- Judiciary: Nature of Judiciary in India, Jurisdiction of S. C- Chart Showing Hierarchy at National and State Level
- Judiciary: Nature and Power of Supreme Court – Hierarchy at District Level, System of Appointment, System of Removal, Evaluation of the Role Played by Judiciary, Paradoxes of Indian Judiciary- Figure
- 20
- Judiciary: Appointment of Judges of Higher Judiciary, Removal of Judges, View of Constituent Assembly (CA) - System of Practice, Seat of Supreme Court, Supreme Court Advocates
- Judiciary: Response of Judiciary, Comparison of Indian Supreme Court and U. S Supreme Court, Appointment of CJI, Chief Justices of India – Name and Tenure, Problems Involved
- 21
- The Judiciary in India: Structure and Composition, Powers and Jurisdiction
- The Judiciary in India: Growth and Evaluation of Judicial Power, Public Interest Litigation, Evolution of PIL in India: Some Landmark Judgements
- 22
- The Judiciary in India: Factors Responsible for the Growth of PIL in India, Significance of PIL, Certain Weaknesses of PIL
- High Court, Organisation of High Court, Judges, Acting Chief Justice
- 23
- High Court, Independence of High Court, Security of Tenure, Expenses Charged on Consolidated Fund
- High Court, Jurisdiction and Powers of High Court, Writ Jurisdiction
- 24
- Judicial Activism, Meaning of Judicial Activism, Justification of Judicial Activism
- Judicial Review, Meaning of Judicial Review, Importance of Judicial Review
- 25
- Public Interest Litigation, Meaning of PIL, Features of PIL, Scope of PIL
- State Legislature, High Court, Organisation of States Legislature, Composition of Two Houses
- 26
- Subordinate Courts, Special Status of Jammu & Kashmir, Special Provisions for Some States
- Subordinate Courts, Lok Adalat՚s, Meaning, Statutory Status, Benefits
- 27
- Subordinate Courts, Gram Nyayalayas, Reasons, Features, Establishment
- Subordinate Courts, Permanent Lok Adalat՚s, Family Courts
- 28
- Supreme Court, Organisation of Supreme Court, Judges, Appointment of Chief Justice
- Supreme Court, Seat of Supreme Court, Procedure of the Court
- 29
- Supreme Court, Supreme Court Advocates, Senior Advocates, Advocates – on Record
- Supreme Court, Jurisdiction and Powers of Supreme Court, Writ Jurisdiction
- 30
- Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2023
Political Parties [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- EC and Parliament, Political Parties in India
- Political Parties: Meaning, Types, Features of Party System in India
- 2
- Political Parties in India: Organizational Structure and Function, Emergence of Political Party, Phases of INC, National and Regional Party
- Political Parties in India: State Party, on Ideological Base (Right Wing, Left Wing) , Centrist Oriented, Deinstitutionalization and Party Decay
- 3
- Political Parties: Party System in India and Recognized National Parties and State Parties
- Political Parties: Party System in India and Recognized National Parties and State Parties, Pressure Groups
- 4
- Appointment of the Prime Minister of India, Oath, Term and Salary
- Political Parties, Meaning and Types, Party System in India, Multi- Party System
- 5
- Political Parties, Recognition of National and State Parties, Conditions for Recognition as a National Party
Pressure Groups [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Pressure Groups: Techniques Used by Pressure Groups, Anomic Pressure Groups
- Pressure Groups, Meaning and Techniques, Pressure Groups in India
Public Opinion [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Media [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Subaltern and Peasant Movements [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Communication of Grounds of Detention to Detenue, Right of Representation
- Peasant Movements in India
Elections [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- List of All Chief Election Commissioner of India is Given
- The Election Commission of India
- 2
- Electoral Reforms, Restructuring of EC, State Funding
- Section 8 of RPA, Candidate՚s Requirement, Recent Guidelines of EC
- 3
- The Final Position of the Parties in the Elections, Important Committees Are
- Election Laws, Representation of the People Act, 1950, Representation of the People Act, 1951
- 4
- President and Election of President, Qualifications, Oath and Conditions of President of India
- President and Election of President, Powers and Functions of President of India
- 5
- President and Election of President, Ordinance Making Power of President of India
Electoral Behaviour [7 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Electoral Behaviour: Meaning and Evolution, Significance, What Determines Electoral Behaviour
- Determinants of Voting Behaviour: Election – Meaning, Proportional Representation, Electorate – Meaning and Nature- Election and Electorate in India, Election Commission of India, Electoral Reforms
- 2
- Determinants of Voting Behaviour: Psephology in India, Determinants of Voting Behaviour, Voting Behaviour – Recent Trends
- Changing Nature of Political Participation and Representation: Political Participation- Participation in Terms of Electoral Turn Out/Voting, Turnout Among Voters of Different Economic Class
- 3
- Changing Nature of Political Participation and Representation: Voting Pattern Across Social Communities- Patterns Across Locality, Turnout Among Women
- Changing Nature of Political Participation and Representation: Political Participation Beyond Voting and Turn Out, Conclusion- Representation, Caste, Muslims
- 4
- Elections, Election Process, Time of Elections, Schedule of Elections
Election Commission and Electoral Reforms [19 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Article 355 and 356: The ISC Has Admitted, on Electoral Reforms
- Chief Election Commissioners of India: Civilian Awards
- 2
- EC՚s Functions, Civil Services and Administrative Tribunals, All-India Services
- Election Machinery, New Directives of Supreme Court, the Election Commission Functions
- 3
- Territorial Representation, Functional Representation, Electoral Systems, Plurality System
- One-Twelfth Elected the Tenure, Elections and Election Commission, Para XV Article 324 to 329A
- 4
- NCRWC՚s Recommendations on Political Parties and the Commission Suggested the Following Measures
- Recommendations on Electoral Reforms, Political Parties, Recommendations on Voting and Defection
- 5
- Election Commission and Electoral Reforms: Composition, Powers and Functions
- Election Commission and Electoral Reforms: Electoral Reforms
- 6
- Election Commission of India: Composition, Roles and Functions, Electoral Reforms
- Central Vigilance Commission, Composition, Organisation, Functions, Working
- 7
- Election Commission, Composition, Powers and Functions, Vision, Mission and Principles
- Elections, Election Process, Supervising Elections, Counting of Votes
- 8
- Electoral Reforms, Committees Related to Electoral Reforms, Electoral Reforms of 1996
- Electoral Reforms, Electoral Reforms After 1996, Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections
- 9
- Electoral Reforms, Electoral Reforms Since 2010, Restrictions Imposed on Exit Polls
- Special Status of Jammu and Kashmir, Accession of J&K to India, Present Relationship between J&K and India
- 10
- Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service and Term of Office) Bill, 2023
Pluralism Heritage [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Constituent Assembly [6 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Planning Commission, the Ultimate Coordinator
- Composition: Setting up of Constituent Assembly, the Constitution of the Constituent Assembly
- 2
- Making of the Constitution, Demand for a Constituent Assembly
- Making of the Constitution, Committees of the Constituent Assembly
- 3
- State Public Service Commission, Composition, Removal, Independence
- Union Public Services Commission, Composition, Independence, Functions
Constitutionalism in India [13 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Anti-Defection Law
- Different Models of Democracy: Representative
- 2
- Division, Publication of Debates, Article 174: SC Verdict
- What is the Relevance of Six Month՚s Rule, Domicile Policy Jharkhand, Major Recommendations
- 3
- National Integration Council, Emerging Trends, Challenges Ahead, Zonal Council, Organisation
- The Uniform Civil Code: Ignorance, Illiteracy and Absence of an Organized Voice
- 4
- Checks and Balances: Principle of Collective Responsibility, Voting of Demands in the Budget Session and Cut Motions, Parliamentary Committees, Other Parliamentary Tools
- Basic Structure Debate: Meaning, Evolution, Features and Provisions under Basic Structure
- 5
- History of Civil Service in India
- All India Services: Nature, Role and Rationale; Central Civil Services and State Civil Services
- 6
- Relationship between Specialist and Generalist Administrators
- Composition and Functions of UPSC and State Public Service Commission
- 7
- Investigative Agencies
Local Government Institutions [8 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Morley-Minto Reforms
- Democratic Decentralization, Evolution of Panchayati Raj, National Extension Scheme, Zila Parishad
- 2
- Secretariat, the Main Objectives of Setting up of Zonal Councils
- Urban Local Self Government and Municipalities, the Provision for Representation in Municipality
- 3
- Local Self-Government: Panchayat at Pre-Independence, Panchayat After Independence, Balwant Rai Committee, Tier System
- Local Self-Government: Ashok Mehta Committee, Constitutional Status to Panchayat, Roles of Panchayat System, Innovation and Good Practices Conclusion
- 4
- Local Government Institutions
- Local Administrative Officials: Deputy Commissioner, Block Development Office
Constitutional and Statutory Bodies [39 Notes- 2% Effort]
- 1
- CAG
- AGI
- 2
- Difference between 15 (4) and 16 (4) , National Commission for Minorities, Functions of the Commission
- National Commissions, National Commission for Backward Classes, How the Backward Classes Are Determined?
- 3
- Composition of Commission and Functions for Commission of Backward Classes
- National Human Rights Commission, Composition of Commission, NHRC and Child Labour, NHRC and SC
- 4
- Constitution of a National Human Rights Commission, Appointment of Chairperson and Other Members, Removal of a Member of the Commission
- Term of Office of Members, Functions and Powers of the Commission of Human Rights
- 5
- Powers Relating to Inquiries, State Human Rights Commissions
- Parliamentary Committees, Committee on the Welfare of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
- 6
- National Commission for Scheduled Caste: About NCSC, Powers of NCSC, Functions of NCSC
- National Commission for Scheduled Tribe: About NCST, Powers of NCST, Functions of NCST
- 7
- NITI Aayog: Formation of NITI Aayog, Composition, Objectives of NITI Aayog, Functions of NITI Aayog
- National Commission for Minorities: Who Are Minorities, Background, Composition of the Commission, Conclusion
- 8
- National Commission for Scheduled Castes: History, Functions of the Commission
- National Commission for Minorities: History, Constitutional Safeguards, Functions
- 9
- National Commission for Women: Constitution of the Commission, Mandate of the Commission, Functions
- Institutional Arrangement for Civic and Human Rights: National Human Rights Commission- Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Human Rights in India, National Human Rights Commission of India
- 10
- Institutional Arrangement for Civic and Human Rights: Functions of NHRC, National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR)
- National Commission for Women, Composition, Mandate of Commission
- 11
- National Commission on Protection of Child Rights
- Institutional Arrangements for Minorities and Special Categories: Religious and Linguistic Minorities: Legal Rights
- 12
- National Commission for Schedule Caste: Functions, Organizational Setup, Human Development Indices
- National Commission for Schedule Tribes: Functions, Educational & Cultural Safeguards, Economic Safeguards, Political Safeguards, Service Safeguards
- 13
- Comptroller and Auditor General of India
- Concept of Human Rights under Indian Constitution
- 14
- Comptroller and Auditor General of India, Appointment and Term
- Municipalities, Evolution of Urban Bodies, Historical Perspective, Committees and Commissions
- 15
- Municipalities, Central Council of Local Government, Article Related to Municipalities at a Glance
- National Commission for SCs, Evolution of the Commission, Functions of the Commission
- 16
- National Commission for STs, Separate Commission for STs, Functions of the Commission
- National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution: Terms of Reference & Working
- 17
- National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitutio: On Fundamental Duties
- National Human Rights Commission, Establishment of the Commission
- 18
- Scheduled and Tribal Areas, Administration of Scheduled Areas
- Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities, Constitutional Provision, Vision and Mission
- 19
- Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes, Rationale of Special Provisions
- State Human Rights Commission, Composition of the Commission
- 20
- State Information Commission, Composition, Tenure and Service Conditions
State, Economy and Development [17 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Functions, Evolving Functions, Organisation of Planning Commission
- Growth and Human Development: Defining Human Development, Approaches to Human Development, Indicators of Human Development, Human Development in India
- 2
- Planning: Definition of Planning, Features, Objectives of Planning, Types of Planning
- New Economic Policy, 1991: Objectives, Features, Changes in the Indian Economy
- 3
- The Executive in India: Executive Models Types, Indian Executive System, Features of Indian Executive System
- Intergovernmental Relation and Coordination Mechanism: National Development Council (NDC) , Functions, Critical Evaluation, Inter State Council. Role and Significance, Interstate River Tribunal
- 4
- Institutional Arrangement for Transparency: Central Vigilance Commission, Comptroller and Auditor General- Compliance Audit, Financial Attest Audit, Performance Audit
- Institutional Arrangement for Transparency: Chief Information Commission, Functions of CIC, Conclusion
- 5
- Evolution of State Politics as a Discipline: Negligence of State Politics, State Politics Literature- State-Level Studies: Early Phase, State-Level Studies: Later Phase, Interstate Comparative Studies, Sub State Regions
- Politics of Economic Reforms in States: Indian Economy Since Independence, What Was the Need for Economic Reform of India? , What Was the Immediate Reason for this Change? , New Industrial Policy
- 6
- Inter-Regional and Intra-Regional Developmental Disparities: Problem of Inter-Regional and Intra-Regional Development Disparity in Post-Independence, Mapping the Phases of Development in India, Conclusion
- Development and Underdevelopment: Similarities Among the Developing Nations, Notion of Third World, Similarities Among the Developing Nations, from Underdevelopment and Development
- 7
- Nature of Indian State
- Ministry of Finance: Function and Responsibilities
- 8
- Finance Commission
- Socio-Economic Planning in India: Objectives, Planning Machinery at the Union, State and Local Level
- 9
- Special Provisions for Some States, Provision for Maharashtra and Gujarat
Process of Globalization [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Process of Globalization: Implications for Indian Politics: Impact of Globalization on National Strategy- Phases of Indian Development, Indian Statist Policy Regime, Indian Authoritative Regime, Neo Liberal Economic Reforms
- Process of Globalization: Implications for Indian Politics: Impact of Globalization on Indian State- Socio-Cultural Impact on Indian Society, Conclusion
- 2
- Process of Globalization (Social and Economic Implications)
Identity Politics [12 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Mandal Case, Argument Against the Reservation, Argument in Favour of Reservation
- Means of Empowerment
- 2
- Religion: Features of Politics in India Based on Religion, Theories of Communal Violence
- Caste: Meaning, Views of Scholars
- 3
- Caste: Role of Caste in Indian Politics, Propagation of Casteism, Influences and Views
- Language: Historical Background and Origin, Views of Paul Brass, Politics on Language, Impact of Linguistic Reorganization
- 4
- Language: Language and Politics India, Tensions and Violence over India
- Religion and Politics: Secularism, Communalism and Rise of Hindutva Politics: Religion and Politics Conundrum, Secularism and Discontent, Communalism and Hindu Fundamentalism in India
- 5
- Identity Politics
- Identity Politics: Region and Indian Politics, Causes of Regionalism in India & 4 Forms
- 6
- Official Language, Language of the Union, Regional Languages, Language of the Judiciary and Texts of Laws
- Official Language, Committee of Parliament No Official Language
Social Movements [13 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Doctrine of Waiver, Doctrine of Classification, Reservation for Women: A Constitutional Perspective, Rotation Alternative
- Minorities in Indian Legal Culture
- 2
- Reservation for Women, a Constitutional Perspective, Rotation Alternative, Constitutional Provisions
- Women: Women՚s Movements in Post-Colonial India, Women՚s Movement Since 1970s
- 3
- Farmers Movements: Categorization, Movements After Independence
- Labour Movements: A Brief Profile of Working Class in India, Working Class Movements in the Pre-Independence Period
- 4
- Dalit Movement: Dalit Movement under Dr. Ambedkar, Post-Independence Phase, Ideology of Delhi Panther- Dalit Sang Harsh Samiti in Karnataka, Dalit Movement in North India
- Adivasi Movement: Tribal Autonomy Movement in Chhotanagpur, the Tribal Movement in the North East, Naga Movement, Bodo Movement
- 5
- Backward Class Movement: Ideological Pattern, OBC Politics, Post Mandal OBC Politics
- People՚s Movements and Struggles: Features of People Movement, Types of People Movement
- 6
- People՚s Movements and Struggles: Issue Based Movement, Approaches to Study of People Movements, Resource Mobilization Theory, Relative Deprivation Theory
- Dalit Movements
- 7
- Tribal Movements
Civil Society Groups [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Non-Governmental Organization
- Civil Society
- 2
- Members: National Commission for Women, a Brief History, Composition
- Preference to Minority Students
- 3
- Function of UPSC
- Non-Party Political Formations (Interest Groups) : Views on Formations of Such Groups, Theories of Interest Groups, Types of Interest Groups
- 4
- Social Action Groups (Civil Society) : Changing Notions of Civil Society, Voluntary Movements and NGOS, New Social Movements
- Civil Society Groups
- 5
- Civil Society Groups: Non-Governmental Organizations, Constitutional Provisions for NGOs in India, Activities Undertaken by NGOs
Regionalization of Indian Politics [15 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- History of ROS: Various Committees, Issue of Vidarbha, Grievances of Vidarbha
- Issue of Telangana, Citizenship, Para II, Article 5 to 11, First Category of Citizens
- 2
- Inter State Council: Changing Role and Requirement, Composition, Duties of the Council, the Real Status
- Regional Imbalances: Politics of Region, the Basis of Regionalism: The 1950s - 1960s, the Cycle of Regionalism in India, Theoretical Explanation of Rise of Regional Aspirations in India, Recent Growth of Regionalism: Factors of Economic Imbalance
- 3
- Regional Autonomy: Regional Movements, Types of Regional Movements
- Emergence of States as Political and Economic Units in India: Neglect of State Level Studies, Focus on States: Political Processes, State Level Parties, Sub National Diplomacy, Focus on States: Economic Process, Conclusion
- 4
- Reorganization of States: Language, Religion, Region and Culture: Early Demands, After Independence, Logic of Linguistic States
- Reorganization of States: Language, Religion, Region and Culture: Ambedkar and Linguistic State, State Reorganization Commission, Samyuktha Maharashtra Movement, Demand of Punjabi Suba, Conclusion
- 5
- Recent Demands for Smaller States: Telangana, Gorkhaland: Phase I: Integration of Princely States, Phase II: Linguistic Reorganization of States, Reason for New Demand, Conclusion
- Reorganization of Indian States
- 6
- Criminalization of Politics and Administration, Police Reforms in India
- Regionalization of Indian Politics
- 7
- Regionalization of Indian Politics (Demand for Separate Statehood)
- Union and Its Territory, Union of States, Parliament՚s Power to Reorganize the States
- 8
- Union and Its Territory, Evolution of States and Union Territories, Fall Ali Commission
Gender and Politics in India [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Ideology and Social Basis of Political Parties [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Ideology and Legitimacy: Louis Althusser
- Ideology and Social Bases of BJP: Historical Background, Objectivity of Party, Election Symbol, Ideology of BJP, Social Bases of BJP
- 2
- Ideology and Social Bases of Communist Party: Origin of Communism in India, Indian National Congress and Communism, Indian Independence and Communist Party
- Ideology and Social Bases of Communist Party: Major Communist Parties of India, Scope and Function of Communist Party
- 3
- National Parties in India
- National Parties in India: Communist Party of India
- 4
- National Parties in India: Indian National Congress
- National Parties in India: All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) and National People՚s Party (NPP)
- 5
- State Parties
Electoral Politics [7 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Electoral Politics in India: Democracies and Role of Election, Election – Misuse- Electoral Mechanism, Election Commission, Electoral Process, , Determinants of Electoral Behaviour, Electoral Reform
- Electoral Politics and Participation
- 2
- Electoral Politics and Contestation
- Electoral Politics and Representation
- 3
- Electoral Politics
- Issues of Participation, Administrative Capacity, Political Actors, Policy Gap
- 4
- Elections, Electoral System, Election Machinery, General Observers
Managing Conflict in the Organisation [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Public Administration [112 Notes- 7% Effort]
Development of Public Administration as a Discipline [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Public Administration
- Public Administration: Dimensions & Epistemology
- 2
- Public Policy and Marxian Approach
- Public Policy Governance and Indian Administration
- 3
- Delegation Legislation; Administrative Tribunal
Approaches to the Study of Public Administration [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Approaches to the Study of Public Administration: Approaches to Public Administration, Conclusion
- Bureaucratic Approach to Public Administration: About, Characteristics of this Approach, Criticisms
Decision-Making, Ecological and Systems [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Decision Making in Public Administration: Process of Decision Making- Classical/Rationality Model, the Bounded Rationality Model, Simon՚s Behaviourist School-Simon՚s Six Types of Rationality, Conclusion
- Decision Making Approach
Development Administration [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Development Administration: Meaning
- Developmental Administration: Scope
- 2
- Concept of Development Administration
- Social Scientists
- 3
- People՚s Participation in Development
- Objectives, Features and Significance
- 4
- Administrative Reforms in India Since Independence: Committees and Commissions on Administrative Reforms
- Administrative Reforms in India Since Independence: Issues in Implementation
- 5
- Administrative Tribunal
Theories of Organization [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Principles of Organization [25 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Formal Organisation, Advantages of Formal Organisation, Disadvantages of Formal Organisation
- Organisation, Principles of Organisational Hierarchy, Concept of Gangplank
- 2
- Line Agencies, Staff Agencies, Conflicts between Line-Staff Agencies
- Span of Control (Most Important Points Are Covered Which Are Important for the Exam Purpose)
- 3
- Unity of Command, Advantage of Unity of Command, Organisation
- Public Accountability: Meaning, Concept, Accountability and Responsibility, Means and Methods, Conclusion
- 4
- Hierarchy: Meaning, Features of a Hierarchy, Advantages of Hierarchy, Demerits of Hierarchy, Summary
- Unity of Command: Historical Background, Meaning of Unity of Command
- 5
- Unity of Command: Concept of Unity of Command, Principles of Management Described by Henri Fayol, Merits of Unity of Command, Demerits of Unity of Command
- Span of Control: Concept and Concerns, Types of Span of Control, Factors Affecting Span of Control, V. a Graicunas Formula, Advantages of Span of Control
- 6
- Centralization and Decentralization: Centralization: Meaning, Decentralization: Definition and Meaning, Approaches to Decentralization, Factors Governing Centralization and Decentralization
- Line, Staff and Auxiliary Agencies: Line Agencies- Features of Line Agencies, Staff and Auxiliary Agencies -Features of Staff Agencies, Auxiliary Services- Need for Auxiliary Agencies, Features of Auxiliary Services
- 7
- Coordination: Meaning, Significance, Definitions of Coordination, Coordination and Cooperation, Types of Coordination, Principles of Coordination
- Coordination: Need for Coordination, Essential Features of Coordination, Techniques of Coordination
- 8
- Division of Work
- Power and Responsibility
- 9
- Auxiliary Agencies
- Supervision
- 10
- Public Corporation and Board
- Forms of Organization
- 11
- Public Enterprise in India: Rationale and Role
- Administrative and Managerial Problems of Public Enterprises
- 12
- Public Sector Reform Since 1991 - Privatization and Disinvestment
- Citizens′ Participation in Administration; Role of Civil Society Organizations
- 13
- Principles of Organisation
Chief Executive [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Personnel Administration [13 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Recruitment: Steps of Process of Recruitment, Qualifications Required for Public Servants, Methods of Determining Qualifications, Types of Recruitment
- Recruitment Agencies and UPSC
- 2
- Training of Civil Servants in India
- Promotion in Civil Services
- 3
- Discipline
- Morale: Low & High Morale
- 4
- Employee-Employer Relationship
- Training of Civil Services in India: Definitions of Training, Types of Training
- 5
- Training of Civil Services in India: Training Methods and Techniques in India
- Ethics in Public Life; Anti-Corruption Legal and Institutional Framework
- 6
- Ethics in Public Life; Anti-Corruption Legal and Institutional Framework: Second ARC Recommendation, Ethics in Politics, Framework for Ministers, Legislators, Regulators, Judiciary
- Training of Civil Services in India
- 7
- Recruitment of Higher Civil Services in India
Bureaucracy [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Characteristics of Administration in Developed and Developing Countries
- Bureaucracy and Development Administration
- 2
- Interactions Among Bureaucrats
- Politicians
- 3
- Types of Bureaucracy: Role of Bureaucracy
- Critics of Max Weber: Weber՚s Bureaucracy
- 4
- Critics of Max Weber: Critics of Weber՚s Bureaucracy
- Politicization of Civil Services in India: Issues of Anonymity, Neutrality and Commitment
- 5
- Max Weber՚s Theory of Bureaucracy
Leadership and Motivation [6 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Leadership, Types, Nature, Theories of Leadership
- Models of Leadership: Blake & Mouton, Rensis Likert, Hershey Blanchard, Path Goal & Vroom
- 2
- Control and Supervision: Control and Supervision - Control, Supervision-Techniques of Supervision
- Communication: Communication in Organizations, Types of Communication
- 3
- Communication: Process of Communication, Communication Networks, Means of Communication, Conclusion
- Motivation and Communication
Financial Administration [18 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Budgeting and Principles of Budgeting
- Budget as an Instrument for Development
- 2
- Ministry of Finance
- Budget Preparation and Execution
- 3
- Enactment of Budget
- Performance Budgeting
- 4
- Zero Base Budgeting (ZBB)
- Programme Planning Budgeting Systems
- 5
- Accounting and Auditing in India
- Tax Administration in India
- 6
- Reserve Bank of India
- Ethics in Financial Administration
- 7
- Goods and Services Tax (GST) : Road to Implementation Part I
- Goods and Services Tax: Road Map for Implementation Part II
- 8
- Budget: What is Budget, Essentials of Budget System, Types of Budgeting, Importance of Budget, Conclusion
- Financial Administration: Budget – Principles, Types, Preparation, Enactment and Execution
- 9
- Control over Finance with Special Reference to UK
- Central Goods and Service Tax (Second Amendment) Bill, 2023
Good Governance [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Governance
- Origin and Emergence of the Concept of Good Governance (Rev.)
- 2
- RTI: Good Governance Initiative
- Making Governance Process Accountable: Indian RTI
- 3
- Centre State Relations, Features of Parliamentary Government
Problems of Administrative Corruption [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Transparency and Accountability [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Definition of Accountability, Purposes of Accountability, Dimensions of Accountability, Forms of Accountability, Tools of Accountability
- Administrative Responsiveness
Right to Information [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Grievance Redressal Institutions [10 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- The Lokpal Bill: What is the Lokpal Bil, Provisions of the Act, Special Powers of the Lokpal, Why Hasn՚t Lokpal Been Appointed So Far
- Lokpal
- 2
- Nature of Ombudsman
- Basis for Comparison
- 3
- History of Lokpal
- Powers and Functions of Ombudsman
- 4
- Sevottam Model
- Lok Pal and Lokayuktas, Global Scenario, Position in India
- 5
- Lok Pal and Lokayuktas, Lok Pal, Lok Pal and Lokayuktas Act (2013)
- Lok Pal and Lokayuktas, Lokayuktas, Structural Variations, Appointment
International Relations [219 Notes- 17% Effort]
Contending Theories and Approaches [34 Notes- 2% Effort]
- 1
- Realism: The Major Assumptions of Realist Theory Are, Classical Realism, Structural Realism, Neo-Classical Realism, Offensive Realism, Conclusion
- Idealism or Liberalism in International Politics: Influence of Liberal Scholars, Main Assumptions of Idealism in International Politics, Schools of Liberalism/Idealism, Conclusion
- 2
- World Systems Theory: Concept of World Systems, Basic Assumptions of Wallerstein, the Core, Periphery and Semi-Periphery, Some Other Features, Conclusion
- Decision Making Theory of International Politics: Traditional Approaches to Decision Making, Models of Decision Making, Types of Decisions in International Politics, Conclusion
- 3
- Politics of Liberalization
- International and Area Studies: Types of Realism- Intellectual Precursors, Morgenthau՚s Principle
- 4
- International and Area Studies: International Law-Comparison between the Liberalism and Realism, Liberalism is Based Upon the Moral Grounds, Problems Faced by the Liberals
- International and Area Studies: Marxist Theory of International Relations, Characteristics of Marxian Approach
- 5
- International and Area Studies: Critical Theory of International Relations, Intervention in International Relations
- Neo-Neo Debate & Its Relevance in Contemporary International Relations
- 6
- Idealism: Political Idealism: Theory, Idealism: International Relations, Features of Idealism in International Relations, League of Nations, Failure of the League and Idealism
- Game Theory, Rules of the Game, Types of Games: Zero-Sum-Game, Types of Games: Variable Sum Games
- 7
- Realism, History, Features of Realism, Types of Realism, National Power and Balance of Power
- Neo-Liberal: Oil Crisis of 1973
- 8
- Systems Theory: Models of International System, Critical Evaluation, Conclusion
- Critical International Theory: About, First Strand, the Second Strand
- 9
- Game Theory and Its Types: Origin of the Concept, Assumptions of Game Theory, Two Types of Game Theory, Game Theory in International Relations
- Realist Theory of IR
- 10
- Liberal Internationalism
- Critical Theory
- 11
- Post Modernism and IR
- Feminism: History, Theoretical Schools & Ideologies
- 12
- Post Colonialism and IR
- Constructivism
- 13
- English School and IR Theory
- 20th Century and Neo Realism
- 14
- Structural Marxism
- Neo Liberalism
- 15
- Systems
- Communication and Decision-Making
- 16
- IR: Contending Theories and Approaches: Neorealism (New 2019)
- Contending Theories and Approaches: Social Constructivism (New 2019)
- 17
- Contending Theories and Approaches: Feminism (New 2019)
- Contending Theories and Approaches: Post Modernism
Power [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Balance of Power: Definitions and Statements, Characterstics of Balance of Power, Merits, Challenges Ahead of Balance of Power, Conclusion
- Centre State Relations, Administrative Relations, Distribution of Executive Powers
- 2
- Centre State Relations, Financial Relations, Allocation of Taxing Powers
Interest and Ideology in International Relations [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Secularism
- Level of Analysis and Structure
- 2
- Interest and Ideology in International Relations
- Centre State Relations, Legislative Relations, Territorial Extent of Central and State Legislation
- 3
- Centre State Relations, Trends in Centre- State Relations, Punchhi Commission
Elements of Power [13 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Bi-Polarity: Features of Bi-Polar World, Scholarly Assumptions of Bipolar World, Conclusion
- Unipolarity and Multipolarity: Meaning, Characterstics, Conclusion
- 2
- National Interest: Kinds of National Interest, Determinants of National Interest, How Do States Manifests Its National Interest
- Power, Introduction to Power, National Power, Dimensions of Power: Military, Dimensions of Power: Economic
- 3
- Interest and Ideology in International Relations: National Interest and Its Dimensions, Military Interests, Economic Interests, Cultural Interests, Ideology in International Relations
- Power: Definitions of Power, Power by Steve Lukes
- 4
- Evolution of Discipline
- Acquisition
- 5
- Perception
- Formulation and Promotion of National Interest
- 6
- Meaning
- Role and Relevance of Ideology in International Relations
- 7
- Centre State Relations, Financial Relations, Distribution of Non-Tax Revenues
Arms and Wars [23 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Deterrence and World Peace: Concepts of Deterrence, Main Assumptions of Nuclear Deterrence, Realists V/S Liberal Deterrence
- Nuclear Weapons: List of Nuclear Weapons Treaties
- 2
- Scientific Dimensions of Armament and Disarmament
- NMD: Objective of NMD, Axis of Evil, Anti- Ballistic Treaty
- 3
- Conventional Modes of Warfare: Concept of State, Treaty of Westphalia, on War
- Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Warfare: Modern Warfare, Techniques, Nuclear Warfare, Chemical Warfare, Biological Warfare
- 4
- Revolution in Military Affairs: Two Reasons, Origin, Marshal Nikolai Ogarkov, the Second Wave
- Conflict Resolution and Peace: Conflict Resolution, Types of Conflicts
- 5
- Conflict Resolution and Peace: The Conflict Resolution Process, Peace
- Economic Problem of Armaments and Disarmament
- 6
- Nature: Salient Features of Wars, Von Clausewitz՚s Theory on War, Kenneth Waltz՚s Theories on War, Philosophy of Just War
- Causes of War, Structural, Nature of the State, Individual Level
- 7
- Types of War, Total War, Limited War, Revolutionary War
- Ethnic Conflicts: Causes for the Rise of Ethno-Nationalism, Steps Taken to Curb Ethno-Nationalistic Sentiments, Case Study: Tamil Insurgency in Sri Lanka
- 8
- Conventional War: Evolution of Conventional Warfare, Conventional War in a Nuclear Age, Indian Military՚s Conventional Warfare Doctrine
- Nuclear Warfare: Motivation for Acquiring Nuclear Weaponry, Nuclear Triad, Nuclear Strategy
- 9
- Deterrence: Deterrence, Brinksmanship, Nuclear Strategies
- Biological and Chemical Warfare, History, Chemical Weapons: Tactics, Biological Weapons, International Conventions Against Bio-Chemical Warfare
- 10
- Arms Race: History, Nuclear Arms Race
- Arms Control: Arms Control Treaties: ABM Treaty 1972, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT-I) , Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF)
- 11
- Disarmament, Introduction, Antarctic Treaty, Partial Test Ban Treaty, Outer Space Treaty, Tlatelelco Treaty, Non Proliferation Treaty
- Weapon of Mass Destruction
- 12
- Impact of Modernization on Ethnicity
Peaceful Settlement of Disputes [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Role of the United Nations: The Organization, Major Functions of United Nations Are, Failure of United Nations, Reforms Required
- Peaceful Settlement of Disputes: Modes of Settlement: Negotiations, Lending Good Offices, Mediation, Conciliation, Arbitration, Judicial Settlement
Conflict Resolution [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Conflict Resolution Including CBMs: Approaches to Conflict Resolution, Border Management, Confidence Building Measures
- Conflict Resolution: Causes for International Conflict, Modes: Diplomacy, Modes: Judicial, Non Violent Coercive Measures, Citizen Diplomacy
Diplomacy [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Components of National and International Security: Core Elements, National Security Strategy Without the National Values
- Diplomacy, Introduction and History, Permanent Missions, Diplomatic Methodology, Types of Diplomacy
World-Order and Peace Studies [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Cold War [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Post Cold War International Relations
- Cold War: Important Events, Marshall Plan
- 2
- Cold War: Historical Background, Causes, NATO, Warsaw Pact
Alliances [4 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Bi-Polarity: Features of Bi-Polar World, Scholarly Assumptions of Bipolar World, Conclusion
- Changing Patterns of World Order (Bipolarity) : Ideological, Economic and Social Model
- 2
- Changing Patterns of World Order (Bipolarity) : The Cold War
- Alliances
Non-Alignment [7 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- The Role of Major Power: India: Economic Diplomacy, Disaster and Humanitarian Diplomacy
- The Role of Major Power: India: Managing the Great Powers with Pragmatism, India and Its Neighborhood
- 2
- The Role of Major Power: India: Look East to Act East Policy, India՚s Soft Power, Leader of Global South
- Non-Alignment: The Evolution of NAM, Factors Responsible for Non-Alignment, Basic Principles of the NAM
- 3
- Non-Alignment: Purpose of NAM, Importance of Non-Alignment Movement as a Legacy for India, Conclusion
- Non-Alignment
- 4
- Global Organization: NAM
End of Cold War [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Globalisation [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Globalization and World Trade Organization: Features and Role of WTO in Globalization
- Global Civil Society
- 2
- Globalization: Meaning, Features, Causes Behind Globalization, Merits, Demerits of Globalization
Rights and Duties of States in International Law [15 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- International and Area Studies: Emergence of Nationalism
- Affirmative Action: US Civil Rights Movement
- 2
- Abolition of Titles Criticism of Fundamental Rights, Significance of Fundamental Rights
- Abolition of Titles Cultural and Educational Rights, Exceptions to Fundamental Rights
- 3
- Abolition of Titles Effecting Certain Fundamental Rights, Present Position of Right to Property
- Abolition of Titles Right Against Exploitation, Right to Freedom Religion
- 4
- Abolition of Titles Writs – Types and Scope, Martial Law and Fundamental Rights
- Advocate General of the State, Appointment and Term, Duties and Functions
- 5
- Distinction between Articles 358 and 359, Declarations Made So Far
- Distinction between Articles 358 and 359, President՚s Rule, Financial Emergency
- 6
- Distinction between Articles 358 and 359, Criticism of the Emergency Provision
- Fundamental Duties, Swaran Singh Committee Recommendation, Features of the Fundamental Duties
- 7
- Fundamental Rights, Definition of State, Features of Fundamental Rights
- Fundamental Rights, Right to Equality, Prohibition of Discrimination on Certain Grounds
- 8
- International Law: Definition, Features, Role, Functions of the State, Key Treaties
Intervention [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Treaty Law [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Prevention and Abolition of War [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Abolition of Titles, Right to Freedom, Protection of Six Rights, Protection in Respect of Conviction for Offences
- Abolition of Titles, Right to Freedom, Protection of Six Rights, Protection of Life and Personal Liberty
- 2
- Prevention and Abolition of War
Political Economy of International Relations [12 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Emergence of Nation States: Summary the Rise of the Nation-State, the Rise of the European Nation-State, the Catholic Church and the Rise of the Nation-State
- International and Area Studies: Global South
- 2
- Global Order: Current Liberal Order, Situation in Contemporary World, Global Liberal Order, the One Belt One Road Initiative
- Political and Economic Equality: English Civil War: A Watershed Moment in England
- 3
- World Trade Organization
- WTO: World Trade Organization, Functions of WTO, Why WTO Replaced GATT, Principles of WTO
- 4
- WTO: What Are the Advantages of WTO? , WTO Agreements, WTO՚s Appellate Body, India՚s Role, Importance of WTO for India, Conclusion
- South-South Cooperation
- 5
- Centre State Relations, Trends in Centre- State Relations, Tension Areas in Centre- State Relations
- New International Economic New International Economic Order
- 6
- North South Dialogue
- South-South Cooperation: Importance, Evolution, with Respect to India, Present Context, Key Points
Regional and Sub-Regional Organisations [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
SAARC [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
- Regional Organization: SAARC/ASEAN
- 2
- Regional Organization: SAARC
- Regional Cooperation in South Asia: SAARC
- 3
- Regional Integration: SAPTA – SAFTA
ASEAN [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
OPEC [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
OAS [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Organization of American States (OAS) : Origin of OAS, Development of OAS, Structure of OAS
- Organization of American States (OAS) : Specialized Organizations, Sources of Funding, Advantages of Membership, International Impact, Disadvantages of Membership, Conclusion
United Nations [19 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Collective Security: Meaning, Definition, and Nature, Background, Assumptions of Collective Security System, Critical Appraisal of Collective Security in Practice
- Role, Relevance and Reforms: United Nations, World War-II
- 2
- Role, Relevance and Reforms: League of Nations, Signatories of United Nations, Organs of United Nations
- International Law as an Instrument of Global Governance: The Copenhagen Accord
- 3
- International Law as an Instrument of Global Governance: World Legal Traditions and Tribal Societies, Characteristics of International Law Global Governance- Diversity in Law-Making Processes, Prominent Role of Non-State Actors
- United Nations
- 4
- Peace and Development Perspective
- Objectives of United Nations: About the Organization, Objectives of United Nations
- 5
- Objectives of United Nations: United Nations Contributions to the World
- Objectives of United Nations: Actual Record of United Nations, Do We Need United Nations? , Conclusion
- 6
- Financing and Peace-Keeping Operations: Financing of the UN, United Nations Peace-Keeping, What is Peacekeeping
- Financing and Peace-Keeping Operations: Departments of United Nations Peacekeeping, Critical Evaluation, Conclusion
- 7
- United Nation: Preamble, Philosophy and Principles of United Nation, Envision Role of U. N and the Assessment of the Role of U. N, India Role as Member of U. N. S. C – Permanent Member – Argument in Support
- UN
- 8
- ICC
- Global Organization: UN
- 9
- Global Organization: Specialized Agencies of UN: Funds and Programmes, UN Specialized Agencies, UN Contribution to World
- Global Organization: Specialized Agencies of UN: Economic Development, Social Development, Human Rights, Environment
- 10
- Global Organization: Specialized Agencies of UN: International Law, Humanitarian Affairs, Health, UN & India
India's Role in International Affairs [5 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement
- India Relation with Its Neighbor
- 2
- Security
- Historical Background, the Company Rule (1773 – 1858) , Features of the Act
- 3
- Historical Background, the Crown Rule (1858 - 1947) , Indian Councils Act of 1861,1892 and 1909
Concepts [9 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- State and Non -State Actors: Types of Actors, Definitions of Actors in World Politics, Inter-Governmental Organization, Nongovernmental Organizations
- Conflict, Security and Peace: National and International, Historical Concepts, Means Adopted by Japan, Various Forms of Security, Security Treaty, Difficulties
- 2
- Democratization
- Global Justice
- 3
- State
- State System and Non-State Actors
- 4
- Sovereignty
- Concepts: State
- 5
- Concepts: State Systems and Non-State Actors
Global Governance and Bretton Woods System [4 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Global Governance: Institutions of Global Governance, Unipolar World
- Global Governance
- 2
- Bretton Woods
- Global Governance and Bretton Wood System
G-20 [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
BRICS [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Regional Organisational [8 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Rise of Major Power: EU
- SCO: Origin and Structure, Member and Observer States, Institutional Set-Up of SCO, IMPORTANCE of SCO, Challenges, India at SCO 2019, Way Forward
- 2
- European Union: Origin, Three Pillars, Institutions of the European Union
- Regional Organization: EU/AU/SCO
- 3
- Regional Organizations: African Union
- Regional Organization: EU
- 4
- Regional Organization: African Union
- Regional Cooperation: SCO
Contemporary Challenges [22 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Contemporary World Order: United States as a Superpower, Challenges, Reasons Behind the American Supremacy, America՚s Own Statecraft, Opportunities for US and China
- Role of International Organizations in International Peace and Security: United Nations, UNIFI
- 2
- Role of International Organizations in International Peace and Security: Security Council, General Assembly, Means of Maintaining Peace and Security, Preventive Diplomacy and Mediation, Peacekeeping
- Role of International Organizations in Development Cooperation: International Organizations, United Nations, the Financial and Administrative Framework Agreement (FAFA)
- 3
- Role of International Organizations in Development Cooperation: World Bank, Role, International Monetary Fund, Regional Development Banks
- Gender
- 4
- Civilization and Study of International Politics
- Border
- 5
- Terrorism
- Human Rights: Global Scenario and International Treaties
- 6
- Poverty
- Role of Religion
- 7
- Cultural and Identity Politics
- Development
- 8
- Contemporary Challenges: International Terrorism
- Contemporary Challenges: Climate Change and Environmental Concerns
- 9
- Contemporary Challenges: Migration and Refugees
- Contemporary Challenges: Poverty and Development
- 10
- Contemporary Challenges: Culture and Identity Politics
- India and Human Rights Concern
- 11
- Theories of Human Rights
- Role of Religion: Influences, Religion and Secularization, Religious Fundamentalism, Theories Related to It, Functions, Key Points
State Politics [23 Notes- 2% Effort]
Dynamics of State Politics [7 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- State and Non State Actors
- The State is a Limited Agency
- 2
- Politics of New State: Principle Used for Reorganization, Why Demand for New States- Alleging of Organization
- State Politics and Development Trajectory: Understanding State Politics- Reason for Negligence of State Politics, Rethinking State Politics, 3m – to Understand Current of State Politics, Reflections of Trajectory of Development in State Politics in Literature on Discipline, Going Beyond States: Implying Region-Based Approach to Study State Politics
- 3
- State Politics and the Question of Autonomy: Scope and Challenges for Future: Negligence of State Politics, State Politics Literature, Sub State Regions
- Integration of Princely States in Independent India: Historical Background- Origin of Princely States, Winds of Change, Post Period
- 4
- Integration of Princely States in Independent India: Popular Movements, Beginning of the End, Hyderabad, Junagarh, Towards Extinction
Local Governments [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Political Parties [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Pressure Groups [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Elections [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Electoral Reforms [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Election Commission and Electoral Reforms
- Voting Behavior, Electoral Reforms, Anti- Defection Law, Pressure Groups
Class [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Dalit and Regional Issues [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Problems of Nation [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Building and Integration [7 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- History of Civil Services: Under British Rule, East India Company, Charter Act of 1853, Macaulay Committee Report, Indian Civil Service Act 1861
- History of Civil Services: Aitchison Committee, Public Service Commission 1912, Government of India Act, 1919, Lee Commission, GoI Act 1935, Indian Civil Service After Independence, First Administrative Reforms Commission
- 2
- Process of Dis/Integration: National: Integration, Problem of Dis (Integration) in India
- Process of Dis/Integration: Regional: Movements of Disintegration- Khalistan Movement, Assam and North East, Kashmir, Other Movements, Regional Imbalances
- 3
- Process of Dis/Integration: Sub Regional: Comparing Economic Status of Smaller States, Problems of Linguistic Minorities- Telangana, Gorkhaland
- State Politics: Building and Integration
- 4
- National Integration, Meaning of National Integration, Obstacles to National Integration
Indian's Foreign Policy [83 Notes- 6% Effort]
Perspective of India Foreign Policy [8 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Gujral Doctrine
- Internal Determinants of Indian Foreign Policy: Internal Factors
- 2
- Power: Resource, Strategy and Outcome; Class Perspective
- Multinationalism
- 3
- India Neighborhood Policy
- India Economic Foreign Policy
- 4
- India and Indian Diaspora
- Evaluation of India Foreign Policy
Continuity and Change in FP [7 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Non-Aligned Movement: Gains for India, Role in the Past, Current Condition for NAM
- Evolution of Objectives and Principles: Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, Objectives of India՚s Foreign Policy
- 2
- Evolution of Objectives and Principles: Cold War, Non-Alignment, Foreign-Policy Practise in India
- India՚s Foreign Policy: Historical Background, Objectives and Principles
- 3
- Determinants of India՚s Foreign Policy
- Making of Foreign Policy
- 4
- Foreign Policy, Principles of Indian Foreign Policy, Objectives of Indian Foreign Policy
India's Nuclear Policy [2 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Evolution of India՚s Nuclear and Maritime Doctrines: Non-Alignment, Development of Science and Technology, Nuclear Weapons Testing, Challenges
- Foreign Policy, Gujral Doctrine of India, Nuclear Doctrine of India
India's Relations [29 Notes- 2% Effort]
- 1
- Role of Major Powers (India) : Restrictions in Capabilities, Reasons Behind the Geo-Strategic Location of India, Need to Develop Relations with the United States, Cold War
- India՚s Relations with Neighbourhood: India, Countries Lying Nearby India, India՚s Relations with These Countries
- 2
- USA: Cold War, Non-Alignment Movement, Shift in India՚s Foreign Policy
- USA: Existence of Relations During the Contemporary Times, Reasons Behind the Increase in Visits
- 3
- Russia: India՚s Relations with the Soviet Union, India՚s Relations with Russia
- Russia: Informal Meeting between Two Nations, Basis of Indo-Russia Partnership, Main Agency, International Bodies Membership
- 4
- China: Difference between the Political Structure, Reasons Behind the Disputes
- China: Existence of Ancient Relations, Beginning of Modern Relationship, Concerns for India
- 5
- India՚s Look East and Act East Policy: India՚s Look East Policy, Chinese Factor, India՚s Act East Policy
- India՚s Look East and Act East Policy: Regional Comprehensive Economic Cooperation, Concerns Expressed by India, Difference between Look East Policy and Act East Policy
- 6
- Gujral Doctrine: Principles of Gujral Doctrine, Some of the Achievements Due to Gujral Doctrine, Essence of Gujral Doctrine
- Gujral Doctrine: Challenges to Gujral Doctrine, the Continued Relevance of the Gujral Doctrine, Way Forward, Conclusion
- 7
- Gulf Cooperation Council: History, Objectives, Organizational Structure of GCC, India and GCC Cooperation
- America Relation
- 8
- India-USSR Relation
- India-Japan
- 9
- India – Australia
- China
- 10
- Pakistan
- Sri Lanka
- 11
- Bangladesh
- Nepal
- 12
- Afghanistan
- Bhutan
- 13
- Maldives
- South East Asia Relation
- 14
- West Asia
- Central Asia Relation
- 15
- Gujral Doctrine: Creation, Positive Application, Relevance, Challenges Positive Significance
India's Engagement [11 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- INDO-U. S. Relations: Role of US, Cooperation & Way Forward
- INDO-U. S. Relations: Evolution of Indo-U. S. Relations, Trump՚s South Asia Policy
- 2
- Role of Major Powers (EU) : Various Opinions About European Union, Different Categories of European Union, Power Concept, European Union as Multilateral Power, Dynamic Change at the International Order
- India՚s Relations with Extended Neighbourhood: Central Asian Region, United Soviet Socialist Republic, Key Elements
- 3
- India՚s Relations with Extended Neighbourhood: India՚s Need of Oil and Energy, India as an Agrarian Country
- EU: India-EU Relations, EU as a Trade Partner, Background, First India-EU Summit
- 4
- EU: Joint Action Plan, Economic Relations, Energy Panel, India-EU Virtual Summit
- India՚s Engagement with Regional Organizations
- 5
- India-France
- India-Germany
- 6
- India – Britain
India's Negotiation Strategies [3 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Contemporary Global Order (Globality) : Scholars Views Regarding Globalization, Alliances in Various Forms, Challenges Posed by Globalization, Existence of Comparison
- India՚s Engagement with International Organizations
- 2
- India՚s Negotiations Strategies: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Contemporary Challenges [23 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Cyber Warfare, Features of Cyber Warfare, Threats and Challenges/Spectrum of Warfare
- Energy Security: Importance of Energy Security, Challenges Regarding the Energy Security of India
- 2
- Environmental Security: Environmental Security, Focus, Three Elements, AThree Fields
- Cyber Security and Terrorism: Types of Vulnerabilities
- 3
- Cyber Security and Terrorism: Exploitative Vulnerability, Backdoor, Denial-Of-Service Attack, Direct-Access Attacks, Eavesdropping
- Why Should Pota Stay? , Constitutional Safeguards Against PD Laws, Review by Advisory Board
- 4
- History of Preventive Detention, POTA՚s Provisions
- Safeguards, POTA Repealed
- 5
- Environmental Challenges of India: Environmental Concerns, India՚s Efforts in Dealing with Environmental Challenges
- Regionalism
- 6
- Migration
- Interdisciplinary and Study of Inter Politics
- 7
- CC and Environmental
- Contemporary Challenges: Maritime Security
- 8
- India Security Concern
- India and Environmental Rights Concern
- 9
- Contemporary Challenge: Cyber Security
- Contemporary Challenge: International Terrorism
- 10
- Contemporary Challenge: Refugees
- Contemporary Challenge: Migrants
- 11
- International Terrorism: Definition, Goals and Ways, Types, Causes, Impact
- Migrants and Refugees
- 12
- Water Resources
Governance and Public Policy in India [64 Notes- 5% Effort]
Institutional Mechanism [10 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Administrative Reforms Commission
- Main Recommendations of 2nd ARC (Rev.)
- 2
- Corruption
- Central Vigilance Commission
- 3
- Regulatory Authorities: SEBI, TRAI, SIDBI
- Citizen Charter: Evolution of Citizen Charter, Conclusion
- 4
- Citizen՚s Charter: Principles, Components of Citizen՚s Charter
- Consumer Protection Act
- 5
- Citizen Charter
- Law and Order Machinery in Center and States
Grassroot Governance [1 Notes- Negligible Effort]
Planning and Development [23 Notes- 2% Effort]
- 1
- Sustaining the Incumbent Government in Power
- Niti Aayog
- 2
- Sustainable Development
- Anti-Development
- 3
- Sustainable Development Goals
- E-Governance- Basic Structure and Types of Interactions: Definitions of E-Governance
- 4
- E-Governance- Basic Structure and Types of Interactions: Basic Structure of E-Governance, Types of Interactions in E-Governance
- Niti Aayog
- 5
- E-Governance
- E - Governance: Result Framework Document (RFD)
- 6
- Pluralist Approach and Role of Institutions: Pluralism
- Pluralist Approach and Role of Institutions: Institutionalism and Complexity
- 7
- Problem Definition and Agenda Setting
- Policy Impact and Evaluation
- 8
- Public Policy Making in India: Constitutional Imperative
- Major Structures of Policy Making in India
- 9
- Analyzing of Actors and Institution
- Participatory Development
- 10
- Planning for Development
- NITI Aayog, Establishment, Rationale, Composition, Specialized Wings
- 11
- NITI Aayog, Objectives, Guiding Principles, Criticism, NITI Aayog Aims
- NITI Aayog, Subordinate Office, Erstwhile Planning Commission, Functions
- 12
- NITI Aayog, Abolition of NDC, Composition, Objectives, Functions
Public Policy for Social Economic Development [17 Notes- 1% Effort]
- 1
- Provision of Social Welfare Services to the Populace
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban
- 2
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Gramin
- Public Policy
- 3
- National Health Policy
- Ayushman Bharat
- 4
- Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana (AABY)
- Janshree Bima Yojana (JBY)
- 5
- Food Security
- RTE
- 6
- National Water Policy 2012
- NRHM
- 7
- MNREGA
- Welfare Policies: Challenges in Implementation
- 8
- Issues of State Capacity Policy Technology and Political Contestation
- Public Policy for Social Economic Development
- 9
- The Right of Child to Free and Compulsory Education (Amendment) Act 2019
Monitoring and Evaluation of Public Policy [7 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Policy Analysis: Meaning and Scope
- Regulatory Policies in India
- 2
- Public Service Delivery Policy in India: Challenges
- Governance: Analysis of Public Policy in India
- 3
- Monitoring and Evaluation of Public Policy
- Directive Principles of State Policy, Criticism of the Directive Principles
- 4
- Directive Principles of State Policy, Implementation Directive Principles
Mechanism of Making Governamce Process Accountable [6 Notes- Negligible Effort]
- 1
- Social Audit
- Social Audit: Basic Principles of Social Audit, Origin of Social Audit in India, Social Audit Cycle, Legal Backings to Social Audit
- 2
- Social Audit: Stages of Social Auditing, Issues/Challenges with Social Audits, Social Audit Process Can be Made More Robust through, Conclusion
- Peter Ferdinand Drucker and His Ideas: Biography, His Ideas of Management, Other Ideas of Drucker
- 3
- Social Audit: Objectives, Principles, Uses and Function, Stakeholders, Process, Prerequisites for Conducting, Benefits
- Jansunwai: Durgapur District of Rajasthan, Anantapur District of Andhra Pradesh