NTA-NET (UGC-NET) Philosophy (03) Logic-Formal and Symbolic-Truth and Validity,Denotation and Connotation Study Material (Page 1 of 4)

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The Concept of Validity and Soundness

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Truth and Validity
  • Logic is a branch of philosophy that deals with the concepts of truth and concepts of validity regarding the statements, arguments and syllogisms which comply with the laws of thought. Both truth and validity are the two important principles of logic.
  • However, the two principles are not of the same nature. Truth is related to statements alone. Whereas, validity is related to arguments. Truth is concerned with what is the case. Whereas, validity is concerned with whether the conclusion follows from the premises in a syllogism. It is important to note that the validity of an argument is independent of the truth or the falsity of the premises it contains in the syllogism.
  • I…

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Truth Table for Modus Ponens, Disjunctive Syllogism

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Truth Table for Modus Ponens

  • Modus Ponens is the method of affirming.
  • The specific form of Modus Ponens is;

  • The argument is;
    • If parrot is a bird, then parrot flies
    • Parrot is a bird
    • Therefore, parrot flies.
  • So, the argument can be proved valid by the truth table as;
The Argument Can be Proved Valid by the Truth Table As
P (2nd premise)Q (conclusion)P ⊃ Q (1st premise)
TTT
TFF
FTT
FFT
TTT
  • Here, the first two premises of the syllogism are represe…

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