NTA-NET (UGC-NET) Geography (80) Geomorphology-Landform Occurrence and Causes of Geomorphic Hazards Study Material (Page 4 of 15)

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Earthquakes: Important Definitions

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Earthquakes - Causes, Distribution, Impact, 4 Types of Waves

According to Holmes, earthquake is passage of vibrations from source of sudden disturbance of rocks. Earthquakes dissipate energy through wave motion in certain layers of earth in widening circles radiating from focal point. Vibration or oscillation on surface of earth caused by earthquakes breaks elastic gravitational equilibrium of rocks beneath.

Important Definitions

Some of the important terms associated with earthquakes are:

  • Focus: It is the origin of earthquake; it is also known as hypocenter. Depending on focus depth, earthquakes can be shallow or deep.
  • Epicenter: It is the point on surface…

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Earthquakes: Causes of Earthquake

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Causes of Earthquake

According to Leed and Judson, immediate cause of earthquake is sudden break in rocks that have been distorted beyond limit of their strength. Important causes are:

  • Plate Tectonic Theory: According to this theory, earthquakes are caused by motion of the crustal plates. As we discussed above, crustal plates have three kinds of motions, namely:

    Divergent Plate Boundaries: Crustal plates move away from each other at di…

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