Genetics-Human Genome Mapping [IFS (Forest Services) Zoology]: Questions 1 - 9 of 9

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Question 1

Appeared in Year: 2018 (IAS)

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Explain the use of VNTRs in DNA fingerprinting in paternity tests.

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Explanation

Introduction to VNTR

  • VNTR is the abbreviated form for VARIABLE NUMBER TANDEM REPEATS. It belongs to the class of satellite DNA and thus serve as the location of nucleotide sequence of a genome as tandem repeat.
  • Paternity can be competently tested by utilizing multiallelic variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms. Polymorphic means many f…

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Question 2

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What is meant by RFLP? Explain the applications of RFLP.

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Explanation

DNA Finger-Printing

RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism

  • RFLP is a molecular marker that can be used to identify the difference in the homologous DNA sequences by the presence of different length fragments generated using restriction endonucleases by digesting DNA sample.
  • Using this technique, the alleles of heterozygous sample can also be d…

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Question 3

Appeared in Year: 2022 (IAS)

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What is gene therapy? citing suitable examples explain germline and types of somatic cell gene therapy. (Paper 1)

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Explanation

  • A special technique by which defective genes which are responsible for the development of disease can be corrected is known as Gene therapy.
  • In this therapy the target is replacement of defective mutant allele with a functional allele. A genetic disorder which is caused by a single defective allele can be corrected by supplementing the defective all…

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Question 4

Appeared in Year: 2022 (IAS)

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Explain the following: Principle of DNA fingerprinting (Paper 2)

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Explanation

  • DNA fingerprinting is a procedure for revealing the genetic composition of an organism. It is a strategy for discovering differences between satellite regions of DNA in the genome.
  • DNA fingerprinting and examination DNA are some of the popular names for DNA fingerprints. This technology was invented by Alec Jeffreys in 1984.

Principles of DNA Fingerp…

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Question 5

Appeared in Year: 2021

Describe in Detail Subjectiveâ–ľ

Describe the principle, procedure and applications of DNA fingerprinting. (Paper 2)

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Explanation

Principle of DNA Fingerprinting

DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling or DNA typing, is a technique used to identify individuals based on the unique characteristics of their DNA. The principle behind DNA fingerprinting is that every individual՚s DNA contains regions that vary in length and sequence, known as variable number tandem repeats …

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Question 6

Appeared in Year: 2023 (IAS)

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Write principle and application of RFLP. (Paper-II)

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Explanation

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)

  • Principle:

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is a molecular biology technique used to analyze variations in DNA sequences. It relies on the following principles:

  • Restriction enzymes: These are specialized enzymes that recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences called recognition sites. Dif…

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Question 7

Appeared in Year: 2023 (IAS)

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How is hn RNA (primary transcript) modified into functional m-RNA in eukaryotes? Explain. (Paper-II)

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Explanation

Transcription is the process wherein ribonucleic acid (RNA) is created from DNA. The term “gene” denotes the functional segment of DNA eligible for transcription, signifying the expression of genetic information stored in DNA through RNA. To achieve this, one of the two DNA strands acts as a template (non-coding or sense strand) , generating functi…

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Question 8

Appeared in Year: 2019 (IAS)

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Differentiate between genomics and proteomics. (Paper 2)

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Explanation

Table Supporting: Solutions 2019, Zoology-Paper-2
GenomicsProteomics

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Question 9

Appeared in Year: 2023

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Explain the use of minisatellite DNA in the process of DNA fingerprinting. (Paper 2)

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Explanation

Minisatellites are short, non-coding stretches of DNA that hold the key to DNA fingerprinting, a revolutionary technique used in forensics, paternity testing, and even animal conservation. Minisatellites, also known as variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) or variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) , are regions in DNA characterized by the repet…

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