Morphogenesis [IFS (Forest Services) Botany]: Questions 1 - 9 of 58

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Question 1

Appeared in Year: 2015

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

Briefly discuss the technique for raising haploids from microspores. (Paper 1, Section B)

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Explanation

Raising Haploids from Microspores

  • Haploid plants possess only a single set of chromosomes in the sporophyte.
  • Haploid plants are significance for the production of homozygous plants and for the improvement of plants in plant breeding programmers.

Production of Haploid Plants

Understanding the Production of Haploids

Haploids may be divided in two categori…

… (399 more words, 64 figures) …

Question 2

Appeared in Year: 2015

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Explain Allium type of embryo sac. (Paper 1, Section B)

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Explanation

Allium Type of Embryo Sac

  • Allium is a bisporic type of embryo sac.
  • When two megaspore nuclei participate in the development of embryo sac it is known as bisporic type of embryo sac.
  • Bisporic development occurs when either chalazal or micropylar dyad undergoes the second meiotic division.
  • In Allium type, non-functional dyad degenerates and functional dy…

… (167 more words, 1 figure) …

Question 3

Appeared in Year: 2015

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Write short notes on the following: Protoplast fusion (Paper 1, Section B)

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Explanation

Protoplast Fusion

Protoplast fusion is a technique by which two protoplasts are fused to form hybrid cells that can grow into mature hybrid organisms.

Methods of Protoplast Fusion

Understanding the Method of Protoplast Fusion

Spontaneous Fusion

  • Protoplasts during isolation often fuse spontaneously and this phenomenon is called spontaneous fusion.
  • Simply …

… (356 more words, 18 figures) …

Question 4

Appeared in Year: 2015

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Mention primitive characteristics of Magnoliaceae (Paper 1, Section B)

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Explanation

Characteristics of Magnoliaceae

  • Trees or shrubs
  • Leaves alternate, pinnately veined, simple stipules enclosing bud.
  • Flowers solitary, actinomorphic.
  • Stamens spirally arranged, ribbon-like.
  • Simple leaves.
  • Cone like floral axis with flowers that have six tepals.
  • Spirally arranged stamens, and one, two, or many carpels.
  • Flowers are bisexual and are borne on br…

… (22 more words, 2 figures) …

Question 5

Appeared in Year: 2014

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Explain to what extent has the technique of micropropagation been successful in achieving our goals. (Paper A Section A)

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Explanation

Micropropagation

  • The regeneration of whole plant through tissue culture is popularly called micropropagation.
  • This is a technique where a callus mass has been initiated from a single ex-plant taken from any living part of a donor plant and within very short time and space, a large number of plantlets can be produced from such callus tissue.
  • Again repe…

… (638 more words, 74 figures) …

Question 6

Appeared in Year: 2014

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Differentiate between prokaryote and eukaryote. (Paper A Section A)

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Explanation

Prokaryotic Cells

  • Prokaryotic cells are ells without nucleus.
  • The DNA in prokaryotic cells is in the cytoplasm rather than enclosed within a nuclear membrane.
  • Prokaryotic cells are found in single celled organisms like bacteria and organisms with prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes.
Image Showing Prokaryotic Cell

Eukaryotic Cells

  • Eukaryotic cells ar…

… (390 more words, 7 figures) …

Question 7

Appeared in Year: 2013

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Differentiate between Somatic embryogenesis and Organogenesis (Paper 1, Section B)

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Explanation

Somatic Embryogenesis

  • In plant tissue culture, the developmental pathway of numerous well organized, small embryoids resembling the zygotic embryos from the embryo genic potential somatic plant cell of the callus tissue or cells of suspension culture is known as somatic embryogenesis.
  • Somatic embryogenesis is the process by which embryo forms and dev…

… (408 more words, 31 figures) …

Question 8

Appeared in Year: 2013

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Distinguish between the following: Totipotency and Pluripotency (Paper 1, Section B)

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Explanation

Totipotency

  • Totipotency is the genetic potential of a plant cell to produce the entire plant.
  • Totipotency defines as the capable of developing into a complete organism or differentiating into cells or tissues.
  • Regenerating of an entire plant from a single or few non-zygotic cells was proposed by Gottlieb Haberlandt in 1902. Haberlandt is called the Fa…

… (435 more words, 17 figures) …

Question 9

Appeared in Year: 2013

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Write Short Notes on: Methods of protoplast fusion (Paper 1, Section B)

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Explanation

Methods of Protoplast Fusion

  • Protoplast fusion is the joining of two plant cells together to form one cell with multiple nuclei.
  • There are two methods of Protoplast fusion; Spontaneous fusion and induced fusion.
Image Showing Protoplast Fusion Methods

Spontaneous Fusion

  • Spontaneous fusion means protoplasts isolated fuse spontaneously.
  • Spontaneous fusion …

… (391 more words, 29 figures) …