Optionals IAS Mains Sociology: Questions 70 - 78 of 503
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Question 70
Appeared in Year: 2014
Describe in Detail
Essay▾How is objectivity different from value neutrality? Discuss with reference to Weber՚s views on methodology. (Paper-1)
Explanation
Objectivity and Value Neutrality
- ′ Value neutrality ′ , means that the researcher studies a social phenomenon ′ objectively ′ and does not allow his/her values from interfering with the matter of research. However, assigning ′ moral values ′ , to social phenomena is an inescapable result of being part of society. It is argued that rendering ′ value …
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Question 71
Explanation
Developmental Phases of Household
- Family in India has remained a vital institution and a foremost primary group because it is the sheet anchor of the patriarchal authority on the one hand, and a protector and defender of individual member՚s (including women) right to property, on the other.
- Sociologists have argued that the traditional Indian family …
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Question 72
Explanation
Animism
- Animism, as a system of religious beliefs, has been explained through the ‘evolutionary perspective of religion’ .
- Edward B. Tylor, introduced the concept, by arguing that animism derives from man՚s attempts to answer two questions, ′ What is the phenomena of ‘dreams’ and the phenomena of ‘death’ ?
- To make sense of these events, the primitive …
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Question 73
Appeared in Year: 2013
Describe in Detail
Essay▾Evaluate how do civil society and democracy mutually reinforce each other.
Explanation
Civil Society and Democracy Mutually Reinforce Each Other
- Civil society encompasses all the organizations and associations that exist outside the state including political parties and the market oriented organizations. Non-governmental organizations, labor unions, professional associations, chambers of commerce, ethnic associations, religious organi…
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Question 74
Appeared in Year: 2017
Describe in Detail
Essay▾Problematize the concept if secularism in the present context.
Explanation
Secularism in the Present Context
- Secularism refers to separation of religion from authority. In traditional societies, conscience collective as legitimacy behind authority to govern pervading customs and habits of society are mainly driven from religion, a set of sacred and profane.
- Characteristics of secularism broadly consist following elements.
- Se…
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Question 75
Appeared in Year: 2016
Describe in Detail
Essay▾Describe the functional prerequisites of social system as given by Talcott Parsons. Examine in the context of a university as a social system. (Paper-1)
Explanation
Prerequisites of Social System as Given by Talcott Parsons
- Talcott Parsons is the most outstanding exponent of the social system theory. In 1951, Parsons published his work, ‘The Social System’ .
- It was Parsons ′ first major attempt to present his basic outline of a general theory of society. In ′ The Social System ′ his emphasis shifted from unit ac…
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Question 76
Appeared in Year: 2013
Describe in Detail
Essay▾Compare Karl Marks with Emile Durkheim with reference to the framework of ‘division of labour’ . (Paper-1)
Explanation
Karl Marx with Emile Durkheim
- The division of labour is the separation of tasks in any system so that participants may specialize.
- Individuals, organizations, and nations are endowed with or acquire specialized capabilities and either form combinations or trade to take advantage of the capabilities of others in addition to their own.
- Emile Durkheim in…
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Question 77
Appeared in Year: 2014
Describe in Detail
Essay▾Education is often viewed as an agency of social change. However in reality it could also reinforce inequalities and conservatism. Discuss. (Paper-1)
Explanation
Education Reinforcing Inequalities and Conservatism
- ‘Education is an agent for social change what in simple societies was done by the family, the religions, social and political institutions has to be done by the educational institutions today’ .
- ‘The process of education comprises cultivation of distinct qualities and traits through explicit instruc…
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Question 78
Appeared in Year: 2015
Describe in Detail
Essay▾How had Enlightenment contributed to the emergence of sociology?
Explanation
Enlightenment and Emergence of Sociology
- Sociology is also called the child of the ‘age of revolution’ . The revolutionary changes in the preceding three centuries had decisively changed the way people lived thereby paving the way for the emergence of Sociology as we have today.
- The modern era in Europe and the conditions of modernity were brought ab…
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