Optionals IAS Mains Sociology: Questions 198 - 206 of 503

Social Movements

Social movements are defined as “collective attempts to further a common interest or secure a common goal through action outside the sphere of established institutions” .

Main Characteristics of Social Movements

• Social movements are among the most powerful forms of collective action. Well-organized, persistent campaigns can bring abou…

Social Equilibrium and Parsonian Framework

• Social change is the alteration in patterns of social structure, social institutions, and social behaviour over time. Social change can vary in its scope and in speed. We can talk of small scale or large scale changes. Social change is a value-neutral term, in the sense that the sociologists do not study so…

Importance of Lineage and Descent in Kinship and Family

• Descent is the system of acknowledged social parentage, which varies from society to society, whereby a person may claim kinship ties with another. The practical importance of descent comes from its use as a means for one person to assert rights, duties, privileges, or status in relation to ano…

Pareto and the Basic Characteristics of Elites

• Elite theory was first developed Vilfredo Pareto and Gaetano Mosca. Both saw elite rule as inevitable and dismissed the possibility of a proletarian revolution leading to the establishment of a communist society. Pareto and Mosca agreed that the basis of elite rule was the superior personal qualities of…

Globalization and Its Reference to the Nation State

• Baylis and Smith define globalization as “the process of increasing interconnectedness between societies such that events in one part of the World have effects on people and societies far away.” It is facilitated by electronic communications, cashless economy, faster travel and transnational compan…

Durkheim՚S Method

• Durkheim was not the first thinker to attempt to make sociology a science. Auguste Comte, who wished to extend the scientific method to the social sciences, and Herbert Spencer, who developed an evolutionary utilitarian approach that he applied to different areas in the social sciences, made notable attempts and their work had a fo…

Social Movements

Social movements are defined as “collective attempts to further a common interest or secure a common goal through action outside the sphere of established institutions” .

The Main Characteristics of Social Movements Are

• Social movements are among the most powerful forms of collective action.
• Well-organized, persistent campaigns can bri…

Durkheim and the Study of Tokenism

• Durkheim has presented the concept of sacred and profane in his sociological system of religion. He presented this concept after his sociological study of Arunta tribes of Australia.
• He argued that all societies divide the world into two categories: - Sacred and Profane. Religion is based upon these division. Sacred…

Patriarchy in India

• The word patriarchy refers to any form of social power given disproportionately to men. The structure of the patriarchy is always considered the power status of male, authority, control of the male and oppression, domination of the man, suppression, humiliation, sub-ordination and subjugation of the women.
• Patriarchy leads the wom…