IAS (Admin.) Mains Psychology Learning-Concepts Study Material (Page 2 of 12)
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Mechanical Model of Man
In this model, man is viewed as machine.
Important Research
Aristotle and contemporary Greek philosophers proposed naturalism, which relied on objective and observable phenomena.
Descartes considered both man and animals as machines.
Comte started the movement of positivism, which has influence on mechanical model of man.
Pavlov has contribut…
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Theories of Pavlovian Conditioning
- Stimulus-Substitution Theory: Pavlov՚s view that the pairing of the CS and the UCS allows the CS to elicit a CR that was similar in form to the UCR. Theoretically, the CS excites the neural centers for the UCS which then triggers the occurrence of reflexive behavior.
- Conditioning of an Opponent Response: The opponent process view attempts to state the conditions when the CR and the UCR are not the same response. A clear example showing that the CR and the UCR are opposite reactions comes from the conditioning of drug reactions.
- Sometimes Opponent-Process (SOP) Theory: Wagner՚s theory attempts to expl…
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