Optionals IAS Mains Psychology: Questions 7 - 14 of 269

Deviate Behaviour and Psychopathic Personality

• Illness is a function of cause, dependent on which it is classified. There are illnesses which have multiple causes. A grouping of disorders is done on the basis of its etiology.
• Similarly, personality disorders should be based on their etiology and not on their symptoms.
• Psychopathic personality disorder…

Neuroscientists and Evolutionary Scientists

• Psychology is a discipline, which has different branches.
• It includes developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, abnormal psychology, social psychology etc.
• Even science of evolution and neuroscience are also a part of psychology.
• The subject psychology is complete with the contribution of the discipline…

Developmental Tasks

• A developmental task is a task that arises at or about a certain period in life, unsuccessful achievement of which leads to inability to perform tasks associated with the next period or stage in life.
• A developmental task is one that arises predictably and consistently at or about a certain period in the life of the individual (Ha…

Emotional Competence

The concept of emotional competence is rooted in understanding emotions as normal, useful aspects of being human. Anger is a reaction to aggression and gives a person the strength to repel the aggression. Though anger is usually seen in a negative light, sometimes it can also serve the purpose of protection. Grief is a reaction …

JP Das՚S Theory

• Jagannath Prasad Das is an international scholar, who focused on redefining human intelligence by providing an empirical support.
• He defined intelligence as the sum total of all cognitive processes.
• It entails planning, coding of information and attention, as well as arousal. His major contribution to psychology is the Pass theory of i…

Communication

• Communication is a process that allows organisms to exchange information by several methods.
• It is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behaviour.

• Verbal communication is the use of auditory language to exchange information with other people. It inc…

Self-Serving Bias

• It occurs when people are more likely to claim responsibility for successes than failures. It refers to the tendency for people to evaluate ambiguous information in a way beneficial to their interests. The term was first suggested by Dale Miller and Michael Ross. It may be a simply be a form of wishful thinking.
• Self-serving bias pe…

Attention

• Attention to a given stimulus is important for encoding the information.
• It depends on which aspect of stimulus the individual focuses.
• The process of remembering is influenced by the quality of attention.
• In an influential theoretical treatise, Fergus Craik and Robert Lockhart (1972) proposed that incoming information can be processed at dif…