Sources: Archaeological Sources (23)

Exploration (2)

• 1
• Archaeological Sources - Exploration
• Some Important Inscription

Epigraphy (1)

• 1
• Epigraphy

Numismatics (5)

• 1
• Numismatic
• a Brief History of Indian Coinage
• 2
• Gold Coin of Kushana King Vima Kadphises
• Gold Coin of Gupta King Kumaragupta I
• 3
• Coins as a Source of History

Monuments Literary Sources (13)

• 1
• Sources: Classification of Sources, Archaeological Sources- Inscriptions, Coins, Monuments, Remains of Ancient Cities, Works of Art, and Sculpture, Conclusion
• Ancient Indian Texts Are Divided into Religious and Non-Religious (or Secular) Texts. -Vedas
• 2
• Ancient Indian Texts Are Divided into Religious and Non-Religious (or Secular) Texts. -Dharma Shastra (Rev.)
• Primary and Secondary Sources
• 3
• Religious Literature (Rev.)
• Dharmasastra
• 4
• Sixteen Rituals of Hinduism
• Epics
• 5
• Buddhist Literature and Jaina Literature
• Sangam Literature and Later Tamil, Telugu and Kannada Works
• 6
• Early Kannada and Telugu Literature
• Other Ancient Texts, Biographies, and Histories
• 7
• Language, Literature, and Learning

Foreign Accounts (2)

• 1
• Foreign Accounts
• Chinese Accounts: Arab Accounts, Tribal Legends

Pre-History and Proto-History (15)

Geographical Factors (8)

• 1
• African Ancestors of Human Being and Hominid Remains in Indian Subcontinent
• Hominid Remains in the Indian Subcontinent
• 2
• Classifying the Indian Stone Age
• Important Sites
• 3
• Middle Plaeolithic Sites
• Upper Palaeolithic Sites
• 4
• Mesolithic Age
• Mesolithic Art

Beginning of Agriculture (7)

• 1
• Beginning of Agriculture Neolithic and Chalcolithic
• the Earliest Village Settlements in the Indian Subcontinent
• 2
• Chalcolithic Cultures
• Neolithic- Chalcolithic and Chalcolithic Culture
• 3
• Neolithic – Chalcolithic Sites of South India (C. 2000 - 500 BCE)
• the Copper Hoards and Ochre- Colored Pottery Phase
• 4
• Development of Pottery

Indus Valley Civilization (46)

Origin (46)

• 1
• Introduction of Archaeological Features
• Chronology
• 2
• Late Harappan Phase: Geographical Features
• Origin and Significance of Early Harappan Phase
• 3
• Origin and Significance of Early Harappan Phase -Sites
• Origin and Significance of Early Harappan Phase -Mehrgarh
• 4
• Origin and Significance of Early Harappan Phase - Harappa
• Significance of Early Harappan Phase
• 5
• Mature Harappan Settlement
• the General Features of Mature Harappan Settlements
• 6
• Town Planning
• Housing Patterns
• 7
• Profiles of Some Harappan Cities, Towns, and Villages - Mohenjo-Daro
• Profiles of Some Harappan Cities, Towns, and Villages - Lower Town
• 8
• Profiles of Some Harappan Cities, Towns, and Villages - Harappa
• Profiles of Some Harappan Cities, Towns, and Villages - Kalibangan
• 9
• Profiles of Some Harappan Cities, Towns, and Villages -Banawali
• Profiles of Some Harappan Cities, Towns, and Villages - Bhirrana
• 10
• Profiles of Some Harappan Cities, Towns, and Villages - Dholavira
• Profiles of Some Harappan Cities, Towns, and Villages - Allahdino
• 11
• the Diversity of the Harappan Subsistence Base
• Harappan Crafts and Techniques
• 12
• Harappan Crafts and Techniques: Dancing Girl and Priest King
• Harappan Crafts and Techniques: Gold and Silver Jewellery
• 13
• Harappan Crafts and Techniques: Bone Working
• Networks of Trade
• 14
• Networks of Trade: Routes of Trade and Communication
• Networks of Trade: Long Distance Trade
• 15
• Networks of Trade: Trade with Mesopotamia
• Networks of Trade: Harappan Imports
• 16
• the Nature and Uses of Writing
• the Nature and Uses of Writing: the Dholavira Signboard
• 17
• Religious and Funerary Practices
• Religious and Funerary Practices: the Pashupati Seal
• 18
• Religious and Funerary Practices: Swastika Seals of Indus Valley Civilization
• Religious and Funerary Practices: Burials
• 19
• the Harappan People
• the Harappan People: Ruling Elite
• 20
• the Harappan People: Ruling Elite Continued
• the Decline of Urban Life
• 21
• the Late Harappan Phase
• the Late Harappan Phase: Cemetery – H Culture
• 22
• the Late Harappan Phase: Significance
• Important Key Points
• 23
• Important Key Points: Archaeological Finds
• Important Key Points: Chronology

Aryans and Vedic Period (15)

Vedic Period (8)

• 1
• Religion, Ritual and Philosophy: Sacrificial Ritual of the Brahmana Texts
• Religion, Ritual and Philosophy: the Upanishads
• 2
• Religion, Ritual and Philosophy: the Bhagavat Gita
• Religion, Ritual and Philosophy: Popular Belief and Practices
• 3
• Precautions in Constructive Reasoning
• Types of Reasoning
• 4
• Shaka Kshatrapas of Western India
• Shaka Kshatrapas of Western India - Territories under Western Satraps in 375 AD

Evolution of Monarchy and Varna System (7)

• 1
• Ajivikas
• the Sources: Literary and Archaeological
• 2
• the Sixteen Mahajanpadas
• the Sixteen Mahajanpadas: Kosala, Anga
• 3
• the Sixteen Mahajanpadas: Magadha, Vajji, Malla
• the Sixteen Mahajanpadas: Chedi, Vatsa, Kuru
• 4
• the Sixteen Mahajanpadas: Panchala

Period of Mahajanapadas (40)

Formation of States (31)

• 1
• Cause of Origin of Buddhism and Jainism
• Cause of Origin of Buddhism and Jainism: Marriage
• 2
• the Buddha՚s Teachings and Philosophy
• the Buddha՚s Teachings and Philosophy: Theory of Karma and Rebirth
• 3
• the Buddhist Sangha and the Laity
• Buddhist Councils
• 4
• Buddhism and Women
• Mahayana Buddhism and Theravada Buddhism
• 5
• Buddhist Scriptures (Rev.)
• Buddhist Scriptures: the Abdhidhamma Pitaka (Rev.)
• 6
• Factors and Forces Responsible for the Spread of Buddhism
• Spread of Buddhism Outside India
• 7
• Decline of Buddhism
• Jaina Tirthankaras, Vardhamana Mahavira
• 8
• Mahavira՚s Teaching (Rev.)
• the Spread of Jainism
• 9
• the Jaina Philosophy
• the Jaina Discipline
• 10
• Social Composition of the Jaina Sangha and Laity
• Miscellaneous: Philosophy of Buddhism
• 11
• Miscellaneous: Differences between Buddhism and Hinduism
• Unit of Settlement: the Janapadas
• 12
• the Ganas or Sanghas
• Decline of Republican States
• 13
• Types of Towns and Cities in Literature/Sources
• Society
• 14
• Gender, Family and Household
• Economy: Factors in the Growth of Food Producing Economy
• 15
• Economy - Uttarapatha
• the Renunciatory Tradition
• 16
• Major Centres of Jainism

Rise of Magadha and Nandas (6)

• 1
• Rise of Magadha and Nandas: Chronology
• Causes of Magadha՚s Success
• 2
• Magadhan Empire - Haryanaka Dynasty
• Magadhan Empire - Ajatshatru
• 3
• Magadhan Empire - Nanda Dynasty
• Iranian/Persian Invasion- (Darius- 516 BC)

Iranian and Macedonian Invasions and Their Impact (3)

• 1
• Macedonian Invasions of India - Alexander the Great
• Macedonian Invasions of India - Battle of Hydaspes
• 2
• Greek Historians and Geographers

Mauryan Empire (27)

Foundation of the Mauryan Empire (8)

• 1
• Sources: Kautilya՚s Arthashastra
• Sources: Structure of Arthashastra
• 2
• Sources: Megasthenes՚s Indica
• Sources: Pataliputra Description in Indica
• 3
• the Maurya Dynasty (322 BCE-187 BCE) - Establishment of Mauryan Empire
• the Maurya Dynasty (322 BCE-187 BCE) -Army, Infrastructural Projects, Religion
• 4
• Bindusara (297 BCE-273 BCE)
• Ancient Indian History: Vishnuism and Shivaism

Ashoka (4)

• 1
• the Maurya Dynasty (322 BCE-187 BCE) : Chronology, Origin of Mauryas, Chandragupta Maurya (322 BCE-297 BCE)
• Ashoka (268 BCE-232 BCE)
• 2
• Ashoka as Follower of Buddhism
• Ashoka as Follower of Buddhism: Nigali Sagar Pillar Inscription

Concept of Dharma (1)

• 1
• Ashoka՚s Dhamma

Administration (2)

• 1
• Administration of the Mauryan Empire
• Administration of the Mauryan Empire II

Economy (1)

• 1
• Revenue Administration

Architecture and Sculpture (5)

• 1
• Dhamma Inscriptions: Pillar Edict and Rock Edict
• Dhamma Inscriptions: Ashoka՚s Dhamma and the Mauryan State
• 2
• Ashokan Inscriptions
• Cultural Consequences
• 3
• Ancient Indian History: Chola Metal Sculpture

External Contacts (1)

• 1
• Foreign Relations

Disintegration of the Empire (1)

• 1
• Decline of Mauryas

Sungas and Kanvas (4)

• 1
• Shungas (187 to 78 BCE) : Approximate Extent of Shunga Empire
• Shungas (187 to 78 BCE) : Buddhism
• 2
• Shungas (187 to 78 BCE) : Art and Culture of Sunghas
• Kanvas

Post - Mauryan Period (12)

Mahayana (3)

• 1
• the Origin of Mahayana Buddhism
• Buddhism in Early Medieval India
• 2
• Tantric Buddhism

Social Conditions (1)

• 1
• Urban and Rural Life

Art (8)

• 1
• Mauryan Art and Architecture: Dhauli Front Part of Elephant
• Mauryan Art and Architecture: Rock Cut Architecture
• 2
• Mauryan Art and Architecture: Stupas
• List of Pillars: Sarnath Pillar, Sanchi
• 3
• List of Pillars: Vaishali, Sankissa, Lauriya Nandangarth
• List of Pillar Edicts - Allahabad Pillar
• 4
• Major and Minor Rock Edicts
• List of Pillar Edicts - Delhi-Topara

Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India (15)

Sangam Literature and Culture (15)

• 1
• Kings and Chieftains in the Far South: the Cheras and Cholas
• Kings and Chieftains in the Far South: Pandyas, Sangam Literature, Villages and Cities (C. 200 BCE- 300 CE)
• 2
• Cities of the North-West-P: Pushkalavati, Sirkap
• Cities of the North-West: Streets of the Sirkap City
• 3
• the Indo-Gangetic Divide and the Upper Ganga Valley
• Atranjikhera (Rev.)
• 4
• Sringaverpura (Rev.)
• the Middle and Lower Ganga Valley and Eastern India (Rev.)
• 5
• Lauriya- Nandangarh
• Jaugada
• 6
• Central and Western India
• Adam (Rev.)
• 7
• Cities of the Far South
• Kaverippumpattinam (Rev.)
• 8
• Crafts and Guilds

Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas (3)

Land Grants (2)

• 1
• Royal Land Grants
• Land Grants as Part of Larger Social and Cultural Processes

Indian Feudalism (1)

• 1
• the Impact of Brahmana Settlements on Agrarian Relations

Regional States During Gupta Era (21)

Polity and Administration (2)

• 1
• the Nature of South Indian States
• Ancient Indian History: the Pallava Kingdom

Literature (1)

• 1
• Sanskrit Literature

Growth of Vaishnava and Saiva Religions (10)

• 1
• Rashtrakutas: Chronology of Rashtrakutas
• Eastern India
• 2
• the Rajput Clans - the Kingdom of the Paramaras of Malwa
• Ancient Indian History: Shankara and Advaita Vedanta Introduction
• 3
• Ancient Indian History: the Hindu Cults
• Ancient Indian History: the Shakti Cult
• 4
• Ancient Indian History: South Indian Bhakti - the Alvars and Nayamars
• Ancient Indian History: Patronage to Temple
• 5
• the Architecture and Sculpture of Early Medieval India the Nagara, Dravida, and Versara Styles of Temples Architecture
• Ancient Indian History: the Chola Temples

Cultural Aspects (8)

• 1
• the South
• the South: Rajendra Chola
• 2
• Brahmana Beneficiraies
• the Nature of Brahmanadeya Settlements
• 3
• Administrative Structures
• Trade and Traders
• 4
• the Religious Sphere
• Urban Processes

The Thirteenth Century: Establishment of the Delhi Sultanate (19)

The Ghurian Invasions (19)

• 1
• Political Narrative and Political Structure
• Medieval Indian History: Political Condition During the Advent of Ghorids - the Last Imperial Rulers of Ancient India, the Fading Glory of Imperial Kanauj, Absence of Central Authority
• 2
• Northwestern India: a Brief Description of States on the Eve of Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni-Sind and Multan, Kashmir, Thanesar
• Eastern India: a Brief Description of States on the Eve of Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni - Bengal, Assam, Nepal
• 3
• Central and Western India: a Brief Description of States on the Eve of Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni
• Southern India: a Brief Description of States on the Eve of Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni
• 4
• Medieval Indian History: Arab Conquest of Sind and Multan - Signifiance of Arab Conquest of Sind
• Medieval Indian History: Causes of the Arab Invasion - Immediate Cause of Invasion, Causes of Success of the Arabs Against Sindh
• 5
• Medieval Indian History: Pre-Muslim Society - Absence of Creative Leadership, Rajput Culture, Women
• Medieval Indian History: Social Organization and Attitudes of Pre Muslim Society
• 6
• Medieval Indian History: Religious Beliefs and Practices of Pre Muslim Society-Indian Economy, Trade and Commerce
• Medieval Indian History: Condition the Country on the Eve of the Second Holocaust Wrought by the Turks (During 1030 - 1175 AD) - Northern India, the Foundation of Modern Delhi
• 7
• Medieval Indian History: Triangular Contest for Supremacy - the Imperial Chauhans, Prithvi Raj Chauhan (1177 - 92) , Kanauj
• Medieval Indian History: Regional Kingdoms - Gujarat and Malwa, Bundelkhand, Bihar and Bengal, Assam
• 8
• Medieval Indian History: an Evaluation of the Political Condition-the Defunct Military System
• Medieval Indian History: Rise of Ghazni under Sabuktain-the Shansabani Dynasty of Ghur
• 9
• Medieval Indian History: Indian Campaigns of Muhammad Ghori-His Objectives-Conquest of Multan, Sind and Punjab
• Medieval Indian History: Conflict with Prithvi Raj Chauhan III
• 10
• Medieval Indian History: Second Battle of Tarain (1192 a. D.) -Conquest of Delhi, Penetration into the Gangetic Valley

The Fourteenth Century (39)

The Khalji Revolution (39)

• 1
• Medieval Indian History: the Conquests of Qutubuddin Aibek
• Medieval Indian History: Penetration into Bihar and Bengal (1197 - 1205) -a Character Estimate
• 2
• Medieval Indian History: Causes of Success of the Turks
• Medieval Indian History: Foundation of the Delhi Sultanate 1206 - 90- Early Career of Aibek, Accesion to the Throne, Aibek as a Ruler
• 3
• Medieval Indian History: Difficulties & Achievements of Qutubbin Aibak, Tajuddin Yaldoz, Tajuddin Qubacha, Bengal, Aibak and the Rajputs, Death of Aibak
• Medieval Indian History: Aram Shah (AD 1210 - 1211)
• 4
• Medieval History: Shamsuddin Iltutmish -Rival Turkish Nobles, Liquidation of Tajuddin Yaldoz, Defeat of Nasiruddin Qubacha, Mongols on the North-Western Frontier
• Medieval Indian History: Reconquest of Multan and Sind (1227 - 28) - Reconquest of Bihar and Bengal
• 5
• Medieval Indian History: Conflict with Rajputs and Hindus of Doab-an Estimate
• Medieval Indian History: the Turkish Power-Politic and the Problems of Succession-the Rule of ‘the Forty’ , Ruknuddin Firoze (April-November 1236)
• 6
• Medieval Indian History: Razia Begum (1236 - 40) -Accession and Early Problems
• Medieval Indian History: Razia՚s State Policy-an Estmiate
• 7
• Medieval Indian History: Behram Shah, the Mongol Invasion, Alauddin Masudshah, Nasiruddin Mahmud
• Medieval Indian History: Balban as Nasiruddin՚s Minister, Achievement of Balban as Minister
• 8
• Medieval Indian History: Restoration of Law and Order
• Medieval Indian History: Ghlasuddin Balban - Early Difficulties, Reorganisation of Army
• 9
• Medieval Indian History: Balban՚s Theory of Kingship
• Medieval Indian History: Liquiadtion of ‘the Forty’
• 10
• Medieval Indian History: Suppression of Revolt in Bengal -Defence of Northwest Frontier, Balban՚s Successors
• Medieval Indian History: Decline of Slave Dynasty- Kaiqubad, Early Career and Administration, Conspiracy of Nizamuddin
• 11
• Medieval Indian History: Bughra Khan՚s Coming to Delhi - Murder of Nizamuddin, Assassination of Kaikubad
• Medieval Indian History: Causes of Downfall of the Slave Dynasty
• 12
• Khalji Imperialism
• Early Career of Jalaluddin Khalji: Domestic Policy
• 13
• Execution of SidiMaula: Encounter with the Mongols 1292 a. D. , Campaigns Against Rajputs
• Alauddin՚s Expedition: Murder of Jalaluddin Khalji, an Estimate
• 14
• Early Career and Accession
• Liquidation of the Jalali Family: Alauddin as an Autocrat
• 15
• Wild Aims of Khalji
• Alauddin՚s Imperialism
• 16
• Conquest of the Deccan (1307 - 13)
• the Imperial Army Marched through Devagiri
• 17
• Encounter with the Mongols
• Administrative Reforms
• 18
• Fiscal Policy
• Price Control
• 19
• Market Regulation
• an Estimate of Alauddin Khalji
• 20
• End of the Khalji Dynasty

Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries (29)

Composition of Rural Society (5)

• 1
• Rural Society
• Rural Society: Medieval Society, Rural Society, Resident Cultivators: Riyayatis and Khud Kasht
• 2
• Rural Society: Pahis or Outsiders, the Raiyatis
• Women and Slavery: Women, Servant and Slaves
• 3
• Standard of Living During Mughals: Standard of Living, Share of Produce

Ruling Classes (3)

• 1
• the Rajput Clans
• Standard of Living During Mughals: Cloths and Jewellery, Housing, Utensils
• 2
• the Ruling Class: Categories of Ruling Class, the Nobility

Town Dwellers (2)

• 1
• Town and Town Life
• Town and Town Life: Artisans and Master- Craftsmen

Religious Classes (4)

• 1
• Major Religious Groups
• Condition of Hindus
• 2
• Major Religious Groups: Hindu Religion
• Major Religious Groups: Sikh Religion, Islam

Bhakti Movement (5)

• 1
• Popular Saints
• Popular Saints: Movement of Sri Chaitanya, Sant Kabir
• 2
• Popular Saints: Guru Nanak, Impact of Bhakti Movement
• Shri Guru Nanak Dev and His Teaching and Practices: India Before Guru Nanak, Guru Nanak Dev Ji
• 3
• Shri Guru Nanak Dev and His Teaching and Practices: Teachings and Practices of Guru Nanank Dev Ji, Successor of Guru Nanak Dev: GURU ANGAD DEV JI

Sufi Movement (8)

• 1
• Development of Religious Policy of Akbar and the Rajput Policy: Din-I-Illahi or Tauhid-I- Ilahi, the Rajput Policy, Causes of Liberal Policy
• Development of Religious Policy of Akbar and the Rajput Policy: Chief Aims of Rajput Policy of Akbar, Execution of Rajput Policy and Its Consequences
• 2
• Sufi Movement: Belief and Practices, Early Sufis
• Sufi Movement: Various Sufi Sects or Orders - Chisti Order, Khwaja Muin-Ud-Din Chishti, Shaikh Bakhtiyar Kaki, Shaikh Farid-Ud-Din Masud Ganj-I-Shakar, Shaikh Nizam-Ud-Din Auliya, Shaikh Nasir-Ud-Din Mahmud
• 3
• Leading Sufi Saints: Shaikh Hamid-Ud-Din Nagauri, Siraj-Ud-Din- Akhi, Sayyid Muhammad Gesu Daraz, Shaikh Salim, Suhrawardi Order
• Leading Sufi Saints: Firdausi Order, Qadiri Order, Kubrawiyya Order, Qalandaria Order, Shattariya Order, Shah Abdullah, Muhammad Ghauth (Ghaus Shattar)
• 4
• Leading Sufi Saints: Naqshbandi Order, Rishi Movement
• Leading Sufi Saints: Impact of Sufi Movement

Economy (2)

• 1
• Urban Processes in Early Medieval India
• Economic Condition

The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century (37)

The Vijayanagra Empire (10)

• 1
• Jaunpur: Background, Sarvar-Ul-Mulk, Qaranphool, Ibrahim Shah, Mahmood Shah, Bhikhan Muhammad Shah, Husain Shah
• the Deccan
• 2
• Malwa: Dilawar Khan Ghori, Hushang Shah, Muhammad Khan, Mahmood Khan (Khilji Dynasty) , Ghiasuddin ( (Khilji Dynasty) , Nasiruddin ( (Khilji Dynasty) , Mahmood Khalji II (Khilji Dynasty)
• Gujarat: Ruler of Gujarat Kingdom, Tatar Khan, Imad Shah, Mahmood Begarha, Bahadur Shah
• 3
• Bengal: Sikander Shah, Ghiasuddin Azam, King Ganesh, Islam Shah, Husain Shah, Nusrat Shah, Ghiasuddin Mahmood Shah
• Rajasthan: Mewar, Marwar, Amer
• 4
• Kashmir: Shamsuddin, Sikander, Jainul Abadin
• Orissa and South India: Eastern Ganga Dynasty, Kapilender Dynasty, Khandesh
• 5
• the Bahmani Kingdom: Hasan Gangu, Hasan Abdul Muzaffar Alauddin, Muhammad Shah, Muzahid Shah, Alauddin, Humayun, Firoz Shah
• Vijayanagar: Sangama Dynasty, Saluva Dynasty, Tuluva Dynasty

Mughal Empire (6)

• 1
• Mughal Administration: Mughal Administration, Central Administration, Wazir or Vakil (the Prime Minister)
• Mughal Administration: Imperial Diwan, Mir Bakshi (Pay Master) , Sadr-Us-Sadur of Chief Sadr, Khan-I- Saman, Qazi-Ul-Quzat, Muhtasib, Other Ministers
• 2
• Provincial Administration: Provincial Administration, Subedar, Provincial Diwan, Bakshi, Kotwal
• Provincial Administration: Wakiyanavis (News Reporter) , Sadr, Local Administration, Faujdar
• 3
• Revenue Administration: Agriculture
• Revenue Administration: Significant Features of Dahsala System

Babur and Humayun (10)

• 1
• Early Life of Babur: Early Life, Retreat of Ahmad Mirza, Victory and Loss of Samarkand
• Conquest of Kabul (1514 AD) and Regain & Loss of Samarkand (1511 AD) : Conquest of Kabul (1514 AD) , Samarkand Regained and Lost (1511 AD)
• 2
• Babur in India: Reasons to Invade India, First Expedition of Babur, Second Expedition, Third Expedition, Fourth Expedition, Fifth Expedition
• the Battle of Panipat (1526) : Causes Which Motivated Babur to Invade India, Battle of Panipat, Result of the Battle of Panipat, Causes of Success of Babur
• 3
• Babur՚s Occupation of Delhi and Agra: Occupation of Delhi and Agra, Post-Panipat Problems, Battle of Khanua (17 March, 1526)
• Battle of Chanderi and Ghaghra: Result of the Battle of Panipat, Battle of Chanderi (1528 AD) , the Battle of Ghaghra (1529 AD) , Last Days of Babur, Tuzuk-I-Baburi and Babur՚s Description of India, Babur՚s Account of India
• 4
• Early Life of Sher Shah: Background between Afghans and Mughals, Sher Shah՚s Early Life and Career
• Accession of Sher Khan and His Early Conquests: Accession, Contest for Supremacy (1530 - 1540 AD) , Conquest of Bengal, Struggle with Humayun, Pursuit of Humayun by Sher Shah
• 5
• Expansion of Empire by Sher Khan: Conquest of Gakkhars, Revolt in Bengal (1541 AD) , Conquest of Malwa (a. D. 1542) , Conquest of Raisin (1543 AD)
• Expansion of Empire by Sher Khan: Annexation of Sindh and Multan, Rajputana: Struggle Against Maldeo, Mewar, Kalinjar, Death of Sher Shah

The Sur Empire (11)

• 1
• Administration Reforms and Other Achievements of Sher Shah: Reformer but Not an Innovator, Central Administration of Sher Shah
• Administration Reforms and Other Achievements of Sher Shah: Provincial Administration- Parganas, Village
• 2
• Military Administration and Revenue Administration: Military Administration, Police and Spy System
• Military Administration and Revenue Administration: Revenue Administration- Results of Revenue Policy, Defects in the Revenue Policy
• 3
• Justice, Trade and Commerce and Miscellaneous Reforms: Justice, Trade and Commerce, Currency
• Justice, Trade and Commerce and Miscellaneous Reforms: Roads and Sarais, Charities, Education, Religious Policy of Sher Shah- Different Opinions
• 4
• Justice, Trade and Commerce and Miscellaneous Reforms: Monuments, Forerunner of Akbar
• Successors of Sher Shah Suri (1545 - 1555AD) : Islam Shah (1545 - 1554 AD) , Suppression of Nobles, Niyazis՚ Rebellion
• 5
• Successors of Sher Shah Suri (1545 - 1555AD) : Revolt of Shujat Khan, Death of Khawas Khan, Last Days and Death, Administration of Islam Shah
• Firoz Shah Sur and Muhammad Adil Shah: Firoz Shah Sur, Muhammad Adil Shah or Mahmood Shah Adil, Ibrahim Khan Sur
• 6
• Firoz Shah Sur and Muhammad Adil Shah: Sikander Shah Sur, Causes of Downfall of Sur Empire

The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century - Society and Culture (71)

Conquests and Consolidation of the Empire (68)

• 1
• Early Life and Accession of Akbar: Akbar and His Formal Education, Akbar՚s Initial Assignments, Akbar՚s Coronation
• Early Problems of Akbar: Hemu- a Brief Introduction, Second Battle of Panipat (November 2,1556) , Causes of Failure of Hemu, Result of Second the Battle of Panipat
• 2
• Rise and Fall of Bairam Khan: Bairam Khan and Humayun, Bairam Khan and Akbar, Settling Score with Sikander Sur, Expedition Against Muhammad Adil Khan, Decline of Bairam Khan
• the Purdah Regime or the So-Called Petticoat Government (AD 1560 - 1564) , Experiments with the Post of Prime Minister, Expedition Against Malwa, Execution of Adham Khan and Death of Maham Anga, End of Harem Party
• 3
• Akbar՚s Imperialist Policy (1561 - 1564) : a Brief of Introduction, Conquest of Malwa (1561 AD) , Conquest of Chunar (1561 AD) , Occupation of Jaipur (1562 AD) , Conquest of Gondwana (1564 AD)
• Akbar՚s Imperialist Policy (1567 - 1573) : Siege of Mewar (Chittor) (1567 - 68) , Conquest of Ranthambhor (1568 - 69) , Jodhpur and Bikaner, Conquest of Gujarat (1572 - 73 AD)
• 4
• Akbar՚s Imperialist Policy (1573 – 1591) : Akbar and Maharana Pratap, the Battle of Haldighati, Conquest of Kabul (1581 AD) , Conquest of Kashmir (1585 - 86 AD) , Annexation of Sindh (1592 AD)
• Akbar՚s Imperialist Policy (1592 – 1601) : Annexation of Orissa (1592 AD) , Conquest of Baluchistan (1595 AD) , Occupation of Kandhar (1595 AD) , Conquest of Deccan, Consolidation of Empire
• 5
• Akbar՚s Imperialist Policy (1592 – 15) : Revolt of Zaman Uzbeg, Revolt of Abdullah Khan Uzbeg, the Revolts of Mirzas, Revolt of Baluchis and Afghans
• Early Life and Accession of Humayun: Early Life of Humayun, Accession of Humayun
• 6
• Early Life and Accession of Humayun: Conspiracy of Mir Nizamuddin Ali Khalifa, Causes of the Conspiracy of Khalifa, Beginning and End of Conspiracy
• Early Life and Accession of Humayun: Causes of Failure of this Conspiracy
• 7
• Humayun՚s Early Difficulties: Babur՚s Legacy to Humayun, Brothers and Relatives of Humayun, Military Weakness of Humayun, the Afghans
• Expansion from Akbar to Aurangzeb: Expedition of Kalinjar (1531 AD) , First Seige of Chunar (1532 AD)
• 8
• Expansion from Akbar to Aurangzeb: Conflicts with Bahadur Shah (1535 - 36 AD)
• Conflict with Sher Khan and Battle of Chausa
• 9
• Conflict with Sher Khan and Battle of Chausa: Battle of Chausa (26, June 1539)
• Conflict with Sher Khan and Battle of Chausa: Battle of Kannauj or Bilgram (1540 AD)
• 10
• Conflict with Sher Khan and Battle of Chausa: Causes of Humayun՚s Exile
• Conflict with Sher Khan and Battle of Chausa: Humayun in Exile (1540 - 1555 AD)
• 11
• Conflict with Sher Khan and Battle of Chausa: Restoration of Indian Empire
• Conflict with Sher Khan and Battle of Chausa: Death of Humayun
• 12
• Revolt of Salim and the Concluding Years of Akbar՚s Life: Concluding Years of Akbar՚s Life, Revolt of Salim
• Development of Religious Policy of Akbar: Initial Days of Akbar՚s Reign, What Turned Akbar into a Liberal Man? , Formation of Ibadat Khana
• 13
• Development of Religious Policy of Akbar: Effect of Ibadat Khana on Akbar, Regulations for Execution of Liberal Religious Policy
• Akbar՚s Deccan Policy and His Estimate: Brief Background, Akbar՚s Take on Deccan, Main Points of Akbar՚s Deccan Policy
• 14
• Akbar՚s Deccan Policy and His Estimate: Result of Deccan Conquest, Important Date of Akbar՚s Imperialism, an Estimate of Akbar
• Early Life of Jahangir: Early Life of Jahangir, Plot Against Salim, Accession of Salim, Twelve Institutions
• 15
• Revolt of Khusrau and Battle of Bhaironwal: Revolt of Khusrau (1606 AD) , Battle of Bhaironwal
• Revolt of Khusrau and Battle of Bhaironwal: Murder of Guru Arjun, Advent of Noorjahan
• 16
• Noor Jahan: Controversy Regarding the Death of Sher Afghan and Marriage of Mehr-Un-Nisa, the Junta- Influence of Noorjahan
• Rajput Policy and Deccan Policy of Jahangir: Revolt in Bengal, Rajput Policy of Jahangir
• 17
• Rajput Policy and Deccan Policy of Jahangir: Relation of Mewar (1606 - 1613 AD) - Deccan Policy of Jahangir, Conflict with Ahmadnagar
• Kangara Expedition (1620 AD) and Revolt of Prince Khurram (1623 - 1625 AD) : Kangara Expedition (1620 AD) , Loss of Kandhar (1622 AD) , Revolt of Prince Khurram (1623 - 1625 AD)
• 18
• Kangara Expedition (1620 AD) and Revolt of Prince Khurram (1623 - 1625 AD) : Results of the Revolt of Khurram, Revolt of Mahabat Khan (1626 AD)
• Death of Jahangir and His Estimate: Death of Jahangir, an Estimate of Jahangir
• 19
• Death of Jahangir and His Estimate: Character of Noorjahan
• Early Life of Aurangzeb: Early Life of Aurangzeb, Family of Aurangzeb, Rise of Aurangzeb, First Viceroyalty of Deccan
• 20
• Early Life of Aurangzeb: Aurangzeb as Viceroy of Multan, Gujarat and Sindh, Aurangeb՚s Second Viceroyalty of Deccan, Accession of Aurangzeb, Early Achievement of Aurangzeb
• Minor Victories of Aurangzeb and Religious Policy of Aurangzeb: Victory of Assam, Suppression of the Portuguese
• 21
• Minor Victories of Aurangzeb and Religious Policy of Aurangzeb: Aurangzeb՚s Relations with Britishers- Religious Policy of Aurangzeb
• Consequences of Religious Policy (Hindu Reaction) : Revolts of Jats, the Satnamis Revolts
• 22
• Consequences of Religious Policy (Hindu Reaction) : Revolts of Bundelas, Revolts of Sikhs
• Aurangzeb Rajput Policy: Rajput Policy, Relation of Akbar with Jai Singh of Amber, Conflict with Mewar, War of Liberation of Marwar
• 23
• Aurangzeb Rajput Policy: Entry of Mewar in the Struggle, Prince Akbar՚s Revolt, Treaty between Mewar and Marwar
• Aurangzeb Rajput Policy: Struggle of Marwar Continued, Significance of Aurangzeb՚s Rajput Policy
• 24
• Deccan Policy of Aurangzeb: Deccan Policy, Causes of Deccan Expeditions, Aurangzeb and Bijapur
• Deccan Policy of Aurangzeb: Aurangzeb՚s Policy Towards Golkunda, Problems of Royal Army at the Time of Siege
• 25
• Deccan Policy of Aurangzeb: Treachery of a Noble, Sacrifice of Abdulla Lari (Abdur Razzak)
• Aurangzeb and Marathas: Relation between of Aurangzeb and Marathas
• 26
• Aurangzeb and Marathas: Consequences of Aurangzeb՚s Deccan Policy, Causes of Failure of Aurangzeb, Last Days of Aurangzeb
• Early Life of Shah Jahan: Early Life of Shah Jahan, Rise of Khurram
• 27
• Early Life of Shah Jahan: Mewar Expedition, Accession of Shahjahan
• Early Revolts and Victories of Shahjahan: Revolt of Khan-I-Jahan Lodi
• 28
• Early Revolts and Victories of Shahjahan: Revolt of Jujhar Singh (a. D. 1628 - 1645)
• Early Revolts and Victories of Shahjahan: Revolt of Jagat Singh, the Portuguese, the Sikhs
• 29
• Deccan Policy of Shahjahan: Deccan Policy of Shahjahan, Ahmadnagar
• Deccan Policy of Shahjahan: Bijapur, Golkunda
• 30
• North-West Frontier Policy of Shahjahan: North-West Frontier Policy of Shahjahan, Attempts for the Victory of Kandhar
• North-West Frontier Policy of Shahjahan: Causes of Defeat of Mughals, Results of North-West Policy, Central Asian Policy of Shahjahan
• 31
• Causes of Failure of Mughals and War of Succession: Causes of Failure of Mughals at NWFP, Results of Failure of Mughals, War of Succession (a. D. 1657 - 58)
• Causes of Failure of Mughals and War of Succession: Illness of Shahjahan, Causes of War of Succession, Beginning of the War and Revolt of Shuja, Revolt of Murad, Battle of Dharmat
• 32
• Battle of Samugarh: After Battle of Dharmat, Events After the Battle of Samugarh
• Battle of Samugarh: Causes of the Success of Aurangzeb- Inefficiency of Shahjahan, Efficiency of Aurangzeb, Weakness of His Brothers, Results of War of Succession
• 33
• Achievements of the Reign of Shahjahan (the Golden Age) : Shahjahan՚s Reign as Golden Age, Administrative Achievements: Uninterrupted Peace, His Military Successes
• Achievements of the Reign of Shahjahan (the Golden Age) : Improvement in Mansabdari System, Revenue System, Administration of Justice, Work of Public Welfare, Progress in Education and Literature
• 34
• Development of Various Arts: Development of Art, the Age of Shahjahan Was Not a Golden Period, His Failure as a Man, His Military Failures
• Development of Various Arts: His Administrative Failure, Social Inequality, Art and Literature

Establishment of Jagir and Mansab Systems (3)

• 1
• Military Administration: Classification of Mansabdars, Methods of Recruitment, Salary Structure
• Military Administration: Different Categories of Soldiers, Infantry, Elephants, Artillery
• 2
• Military Administration: Navy, Merits and Demerits of Mansabdari System- Merits, Demerits

Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century (17)

Nature of the Mughal State (2)

• 1
• Nature of State - Theocratic and Theocentric (2019) : Background, Meaning of Theocracy
• Nature of State - Theocratic and Theocentric (2019) : Arguments Against and in Favour, Position of Khalifa

Late Seventeenth Century Crisis and the Revolts (10)

• 1
• Later Mughals: Background and Later Rulers, Bahadur Shah (1707 - 1712 AD) , War of Succession Among the Sons of Aurangzeb
• Later Mughals: Annexation of Delhi and Agra by Bahadur Shah, Death of Aazam, Causes of Bahadur Shah՚s Success, Death of Kambakhsha
• 2
• Attempts of Bahadur Shah for Consolidation of His Position: Bahadur Shah՚s Relations with Rajputs, Bahadur Shah and Sikhs, Bahadur Shah and Marathas, Evaluation of Bahadur Shah
• Jahandar Shah (1712 - 1713 AD) and Farrukh Siyar (1713 - 1719 AD) : War of Succession, Revolt of Farrukh Siyar, Character of Jahandar Shah, Farrukh Siyar (1713 - 1719 AD)
• 3
• Other Rulers and Invasion of Nadir Shah: Rafi-Ud- Dariat (1719 AD) , Rafi-Ud- Daula and ShahJahan III (1719 AD) , Muhammad Shah Rangila (1719 - 1748 AD)
• Other Rulers and Invasion of Nadir Shah: Revolt of Nizam-Ul-Mulk in Deccan, Decline of Empire, Invasion of Nadir Shah (a. D. 1739)
• 4
• Ahmad Shah (1748 - 1754) and Invasion of Ahmad Shah Abdali: Ahmad Shah (1748 - 1754) , Invasion of Ahmad Shah Abdali on India, Removal of Ahmad Shah, Alamgir II (1754 - 1758 AD)
• Ahmad Shah (1748 - 1754) and Invasion of Ahmad Shah Abdali: Shah Jahan III (1758 – 1759 AD) , Shah Alam II (1759 - 1806 AD) , Akbar II (1806 - 1837 AD) , Bahadur Shah I (1838 - 1858 AD)
• 5
• Causes of Downfall of Mughal Empire: Aurangzeb՚s Religious Fanaticism, Aurangzeb՚s Policy Towards Rajputs, Deccan Policy of Aurangzeb, Weak and Inefficient Successors of Aurangzeb, Aurangzeb and the Marathas
• Causes of Downfall of Mughal Empire: Suspicious Nature of Aurangzeb, Degeneration of Mughal Army, Vastness of Empire, Economic Bankruptcy, Invasion of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Abdali

Shivaji and the Early Maratha Kingdom (5)

• 1
• the Maratha Movement: Rise of Marathas, Shivaji (1646 - 1680 AD) , Early Victories of Shivaji, First Encounter between Mughals and Marathas
• the Maratha Movement: Conquest of Konkan, Murder of Afzal Khan, Shaista Khan and Shivaji
• 2
• Plunder of Surat and Treaty of Surat: Plunder of Surat, Arrival of Jal Singh and the Treaty of Purandar
• Plunder of Surat and Treaty of Surat: Defeat of Panhala, Shivaji՚s Visit to Agra (1666 AD) , Shivaji՚s Character
• 3
• Plunder of Surat and Treaty of Surat: Physical Features of Maharashtra, Political Conditions of the South, Decaying Conditions of Mughal Empire, Character of Shivaji

Economy and Society in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (8)

English and French Companies (8)

• 1
• Compilation of Adi Granth: Guru Amar Das Ji, Guru Ram Das Ji, Guru Arjun Dev Ji, Compilation of Adi Granth, Compilation of Adi Granth
• Sikh Movement: Martyrdom of Guru Arjan, Guru Hargobind Ji, Guru Har Rai Ji
• 2
• Sikh Movement: Guru Har Krishan JI, Guru Teg Bahadur Ji
• Khalsa: Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the Battle of Bhangani, Creation of the Khalsa, the Khalsa, First Battle of Anandpur
• 3
• Khalsa: Second Battle of Anandpur, 1701, Battle of Nirmoh, 1701, Third Battle of Anandpur, 1703, Fourth Battle of Anandpur, 1704, Battle of Chamkaur, 1704, Battle of Muktsar, 8 May 1705
• the Rural Gentry and Zamindar: the Middle Strata
• 4
• the Commercial Class: Commercial Class
• the Commercial Class: Banking System, Trade

Culture in the Mughal Empire (37)

Persian Histories and Other Literature (13)

• 1
• Persian Literature During Delhi Sultanate
• Regional Specificities
• 2
• Sanskrit and Hindi Literature
• Bhakti Cult: Shaivism and Its Branches: Pashupata Shaivism, Kashmiri Shaivism
• 3
• Bhakti Cult: Shaivism and Its Branches: Gorakhnath Shaivism, Vira Shaivism, Saiva Siddhanta, Ganapati Shaivism
• Vaishnavism and Its Branches: Background, Theism with Many Varieties, Vishnuism and Krishnaism, Vishnu, Krishna, Radha Krishna, Dashavatara
• 4
• Arabian, Persian and Sanskrit: Arabic and Persian, Sanskrit
• Literature in North India: Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi
• 5
• Literature in North India: Gujarati, Marathi
• Literature in North India: Eastern Region- Bengal
• 6
• Literature in North India: Assamese, Oriya
• South Indian Language: Tamil, Telugu
• 7
• South Indian Language: Kannada, Malayalam

Mughal Architecture (7)

• 1
• Indo-Islamic Architecture: the Early Phase, Qutb Minar, Alai Darwaza
• Indo-Islamic Architecture: the Early Phase, Rani Sipri՚s Mosque, Gol Gumbaz
• 2
• Mughal Period: Tomb of Humayun, Delhi, India, Agra Fort in Agra, India.
• Mughal Period: Panch Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri, Jama Masjid, Fatehpur Sikri, Agra
• 3
• Mughal Period: Buland Darwaza, the Tomb of Shaikh Salim Chisti, Akbar՚s Tomb, Tomb of Nur Jahan
• Mughal Period: Red Fort, Delhi, Taj Mahal, the Tomb of Rabia Daurani, Safar Jang՚s Tomb
• 4
• the European Influence

Mughal Painting (10)

• 1
• Mughal Music: Background, Tansen, Hindustani School of Music
• Similarities and Differences between Hindustani and Carnatic Music: Principles of Hindustani Music
• 2
• Similarities and Differences between Hindustani and Carnatic Music: Types of Compositions- Dhrupad, Khayal, Tarana, Thumri, Ghazal
• Miniatures and Mughal Style: Miniatures, Transition, Mughal Style, Mughal School of Painting
• 3
• Mughal Style Painting under Jahangir, Shahjahan and Later Mughals: Paintings under Jahangir, Introduction of New Style, under Shah Jahan
• Mughal Style Painting under Jahangir, Shahjahan and Later Mughals: Aurangzeb and Later Mughal, under Later Mughals, European Impact on Mughal Painting
• 4
• School of Painting: Early Miniature, Transition
• School of Painting: Deccan School, Rajasthani Painting- Mewar, Marwar, Kishangarh, Jaipur
• 5
• Pahari Paintings, Thanjavur Painting, Mysore School: Pahari Paintings
• Pahari Paintings, Thanjavur Painting, Mysore School: Thanjavur Painting, Mysore School

Classical Music (7)

• 1
• Architectural Development: Hoysala Art
• Architectural Development: Chandela School: Khajuraho
• 2
• Architectural Development: Vijaynagar Legacy
• Architectural Development: Nayaka Heritage: Madurai
• 3
• Architectural Development: Provincial Architectures, Multan, Bengal
• Architectural Development: Gujarat, Malwa, Jaunpur
• 4
• Architectural Development: Kashmir, Mewar, Bahmani Kingdom

The Eighteenth Century (4)

The Regional Principalities (1)

• 1
• Hyderabad

Awadh (1)

• 1
• Awadh

Maratha Ascendancy under the Peshwas (2)

• 1
• Its Expansion under the Peshwas: Shambhaji (1680 - 1689 AD) , Raja Ram (1689 - 1700) , Sahu (1708 - 1749 AD)
• Its Expansion under the Peshwas: Marathas under the Peshwas- First Pehwa: Balaji Vishwanath (1713 - 1720 AD) , Second Peshwa: Baji Rao (1720 - 1740 AD) , Third Peshwa: Balaji Baji Rao (1740 - 1761 AD)

European Penetration into India (8)

The Portuguese and the Dutch (2)

• 1
• European Traders in India: Portuguese
• the Dutch

The English and the French East India Companies (2)

• 1
• the English
• the French

Their Struggle for Supremacy (2)

• 1
• English Factories
• Establishment and Expansion of British Dominion in India

Bengal -the Conflict between the English and the Nawabs of Bengal (2)

• 1
• British Relations with and Subjugation of the Principal Indian Powers-Bengal
• Conflicts with English

British Expansion in India (4)

Mysore (1)

• 1
• Mysore

The Marathas (3)

• 1
• Marathas
• Sikh
• 2
• Anglo-Sikh War

Early Structure of the British Raj (8)

The Early Administrative Structure (1)

• 1
• Evolution of Central and Provincial Arrangement under the East India Company

From Diarchy to Direct Control (3)

• 1
• Paramountcy: British Paramountcy in India, the Evolution of British Paramountcy- the Ring Fence Policy: 1757 - 1813, the Policy of Subordination Isolation 1813 - 1857, the Policy of Subordination Union 1857 Onwards, One Charge Theory of Lord Canning
• Subsidiary Alliance: Subsidiary System, Terms and Conditions of the Subsidiary Treaty, Advantages for the Company, Princely States That Signed the Treaty
• 2
• Paramountcy

The Voice of Free Trade and the Changing Character of British Colonial Rule (1)

• 1
• Mercantilism: Three Phases of Economic Exploitation, Mercantilism: Background, Mercantilism: What Does It Means? , Result of this Phase

The English Utilitarian and India (3)

• 1
• UTILITARIANISM: Understanding Utilitarianism, Kinds of Utilitarianism and Their Founder, Approach of Utilitarian Scholars in India, Utilitarian School in India
• Jeremy Bentham
• 2
• John Stuart Mill

Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule (21)

Land Revenue Settlements in British India (3)

• 1
• Land Rights
• Types of Land Settlements: Permanent Settlement
• 2
• Types of Land Settlements: Ryotwari Settlement and Mahalwari System

Commercialization of Agriculture (2)

• 1
• Agriculture and Irrigation
• Expansion and Commercialization of Agriculture

Rise of Landless Agrarian Labourers (1)

• 1
• Landless Labors

Impoverishment of the Rural Society (1)

• 1
• Rural Indebtedness

De-Industrialisation (2)

• 1
• De-Industrialization, Background to the Process of De-Industrialization, Causes of De-Industrialization, Impact of De-Industrialization
• De-Urbanization

Decline of Traditional Crafts (1)

• 1
• Decline of Industries

Drain of Wealth (3)

• 1
• Economic Drain: Impact of the Drain of Wealth- Other Major Works on Drain of Wealth Were
• Drain Theory
• 2
• Estimate of Drain

Economic Transformation of India (1)

• 1
• Economic Nationalism: Origin and Term Meaning, Economic Nationalism in India, Economic Critique of Colonial Rule, Drain of Wealth, Issues Nationalist Stressed in the Agitation and Major Quotes to Remember

Railroad and Communication Network Including Telegraph and Postal Services (2)

• 1
• Railways
• Roadways

Famine and Poverty in the Rural Interior (2)

• 1
• Victims of Great Famine of 1876 - 78 in India and Causes
• Response of British to Famines, Impact of Rail Transport and Railways in 1870s

European Business Enterprise and Its Limitations (3)

• 1
• British Industrial Policy
• Major Modern Industries
• 2
• Nature of Factory Legislation

Social and Cultural Developments (3)

The Introduction of Western Education in India (1)

• 1
• Downward Filtration Theory: Background to the Introduction of Minutes of Macaulay, Orientalist-Anglicist Controversy and Macaulay՚s Report, Major Provisions of the Minutes of Macaulay, Major Outcome After the Act

Literature and Public Opinion (1)

• 1
• Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas: Nature and Character of the Socio- Religious Reform Movements, Causes of the Rise of Socio- Religious Reform Movements

Christian Missionary Activities in India (1)

• 1
• Evangelicalism: Evangelicalism in India, the Evangelical Historians

Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas (10)

Ram Mohan Roy (1)

• 1
• Brahma Samaj: Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Brahma Samaj, Brahma Samaj After Ram Mohan Roy, Keshaun Chandra Seen and Splits in Brahma Samaj

The Young Bengal Movement (1)

• 1
• Young Bengal Movement: Iswarchandra Vidyasagar, Swami Dayanand Saraswati and Arya Samaj, Role of Arya Samaj in Social Work and Education

The Social Reform Movements in India Including Sati (4)

• 1
• Paramhans Mandali: Gopal Hari Deshmukh (1823 - 92) , the Prarthana Samaj, Ramakrishna Paramhansa (1734 - 1786) , Vivekanand (1863 – 1902)
• Theosophical Society: Limitations of the Socio- Religious Reform Movements
• 2
• Indian Renaissance: Social and Religious Reform Movement, Major Classification in the Indian Renaissance Movement, Some of the Famous Reform Movements and Its Founders Were as Follows
• Indian Renaissance: Raja Rammohan Roy and Brahmo Samaj- Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Dayanand Saraswati and Arya Samaj, Ramakrishna Paramhamsa and Swami Vivekananda, M G Ranade and Prarthana Samaj, Four Agenda of Prarthana Samaj Were, Hindu Reform Movement According to the Place

Widow Remarriage, Child Marriage Etc (1)

• 1
• Movements for the Emancipation of Women: Early Reformers, Pandit Ramabai (1858 - 1922) , Kanuri Virasalingam Pendulum (1848 - 1919) , Bahraini Malabar (1853 - 1921) , M. G. Ranade (1842 – 1901)

Contribution of Indian Renaissance to Modern Indian Growth (1)

• 1
• Revivalism: Arya Samaj, Theosophical Society, this Movement Had Four Essential Factors, Deoband Movement, Emergence of Hindu Revivalism

Islamic Revivalism - the Feraizi and Wahabi Movements (2)

• 1
• Impact, Contribution and Legacy of the Socio- Religious Reform Movements: Islamic Revivalist and Reformist Movements in 19th and 20th Centuries
• Impact, Contribution and Legacy of the Socio- Religious Reform Movements: Sir Sayed Ahmad Khan and the Muslim Reform Movement, Socio- Religious Reform Movements Among the Sikhs

Indian Response to British Rule (3)

Peasant Movements and Tribal Uprisings in 18th-19th Century-Rangpur Dhing (1783) (2)

• 1
• Tribal Movements
• Peasant Movements

The Great Revolt of 1857 - Origin (1)

• 1
• Revolt of 1857 and Different Social Classes

Factors Leading to the Birth of Indian Nationalism (2)

Programme and Objectives of Early Congress (1)

• 1
• Ideologies and Programs of the Indian National Congress

The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal (1)

• 1
• Trends in Swadeshi Movement

Rise of Gandhi (7)

Character of Gandhian Nationalism (2)

• 1
• Satyagraha: Principles of Satyagraha, the Purpose of Satyagraha, Characteristics of Satyagraha, Techniques of Satyagraha, Gandhi՚s Satyagraha in Indian National Movements
• Swadeshi: Background and Cause to the Swadeshi Movement, Swadeshi Movement, Agitational Methods, Impact of Swadeshi Movement, Gandhi and Swadeshi

Gandhi's Popular Appeal (3)

• 1
• the Idea of Nation in Gandhi՚s Hind Swaraj
• Gandhi and His Early Movements
• 2
• Gandhi and Nationwide Mass Movement

Nationalism and the Peasant Movements (1)

• 1
• Bhudan Movement: Background of the Movement, the Course of the Movement, Significant Aspects of the Bhoodan Movement, the Basic Aim of the Movement, Advantages of the Movement, Disadvantages

Nationalism and Working Class Movements (1)

• 1
• Labor and Trade Union Movements

Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935 (5)

• 1
• Dyarchy: Background, Features of Government of India Act of 1919
• Dyarchy: Major Points of Dyarchy, Importance of Dyarchy - Major Subjects in the Reserved and Transferred List, Criticism in the Working of Dyarchy (NET 2015)
• 2
• Federalism: Two Kinds of Federations- What Makes India a Federal State? , Ways in Which Federalism Functioned- Federalism with a Strong Centre, Decentralization in India
• Doctrine of Lapse: Before Doctrine of Lapse, Major Provisions of the System- List of States Annexed by the Application of Doctrine of Lapse under Dalhousie, Other States Annexed under Dalhousie, Effects of Doctrine of Lapse
• 3
• Constitutional Changes

Other Strands in the National Movement the Revolutionaries (5)

Outside India (2)

• 1
• Ideologies and Programs of Indian Revolutionaries in India and Abroad
• Major Conspiracy Cases and Events of Revolutionary Movements

The Left (1)

• 1
• Indian Left: Some Other Communist Parties Founded, Left Labour Party, Major Conspiracy Cases Against Communist, Some Communist-Socialist Publications

The Congress Socialist Party (1)

• 1
• Ideology and Program of the Justice Party

The Communist Party of India (1)

• 1
• Communalism: Various Definition of Communalism, Three Types of Communalism, Dimensions of Communalism, Reasons Behind Growth of Communalism in India, Stages of Communalism in India

Enlightenment and Modern Ideas (3)

Major Ideas of Enlightenment (1)

• 1
• Post-Modernism: Relativism and Postmodernism, Conclusion

Spread of Enlightenment in the Colonies (1)

• 1
• Oriental Despotism: Previous Year Question on Oriental Despotism

Spread of Marxian Socialism (1)

• 1
• Socialism: Characteristics of Socialism, Types of Socialism, Karl Marx and Scientific Socialism- Major Works of Karl Marx

Industrialization (2)

Industrialization and Globalization (2)

• 1
• Great Depression 1929: History, Causes
• Great Depression 1929: President Hoover Administration, President Roosevelt, End of Great Depression

Imperialism and Colonialism (1)

South and South-East Asia (1)

• 1
• Colonialism: Stages of Colonialism- Basic Objectives at this Stage Were, Characteristics of the First Stage, Second Stage: Free Trade, Third Stage: Finance Capital

The World After World War II (1)

Emergence of Two Power Blocs (1)

• 1
• Cold War: Definition, Origin, Causes, Phases of Cold War, Results of Cold War