IAS (Admin.) Mains Geography Geomorphology-Slope Development Study Material (Page 3 of 5)

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Slope Development: Models of Slope Evolutheory Gives the Type of Slope Evolution Tion

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Models of Slope Evolution

Concept of hillside slope development has had a rather controversial history with a written about it than any other geomorphic idea. There are three main theories of slope evolution, slope decline by Davis, slope replacement by Penck, and parallel retreat by King. These are discussed below. Note that these three theories are closely related to corresponding cycles of erosion discussed earlier.

Theory of Slope Decline

Theory of slope decline was first given by W. M. Davis under the broader concept of cycle of erosion. Davis՚ theory gives the type of slope evolution, capable of being translated into quantitative terms, consonant with its relation to the cycle of erosion. It is particular appli…

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Slope Development: Slope Failure

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Slope Failure

Slope failure is abrupt slope collapse caused by weak self-retainability of earth under rainfall, earthquake etc. Due to sudden slope collapse, many people are unable to escape leading to numerous fatalities.

Slope Failure Factors

  • Slope failure can happen because of natural causes like
    • Earthquake
    • Volcanic eruptions
    • Excessive rainfall
  • Or it can happens due to activities of man like
    • Mining
    • Construction of dams, reservoirs, hilltop resorts etc.
    • Deforestation
  • Steep slopes are more likely to fail. Gravity has two components, one acts parallel to slope (causes collapse and increases with steepness) wh…

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