Perspectives in Human Geography [IAS (Admin.) Mains Geography]: Questions 9 - 18 of 40
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Question 9
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Explain India՚s contribution to geographical thought and the distribution of Puranic Dwipas (30 marks)
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Geographical Thought and Puranic Dwipas Distribution
- Indian Geography has a long history. In fact, various geographical concepts have been developing in our country since the dawn of Indian civilization.
- Chronologically Vedas, Ramayana, Mahabharata, works of Buddhists and Jains and Puranas are the main sources of ancient Indian geographical concepts.
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Question 10
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Highlight the contribution to Arab scholars in the field of geography. (20 marks)
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Arab Scholars
The Arabs were great contributors in the field of mathematical physical and regional geography from 8th to 13th century.
T in O Map
Contribution to Mathematical Geography
- Arabs were highly influenced by the Greek ideas about the shape and size of the earth.
- Earth was considered as the centre of the uni…
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Question 11
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Elaborate on the Taylor՚s stop and Go Determinism. How was it different from determinism? (15 marks)
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Taylor՚s Stop and Go Determinism
Griffith Taylor՚s approach of Neo-determinism, also known as stop and Go determinism was a modification of environmental determinism, which gave primary to nature over man to direct his attitude and behaviour.
Environmental Determinism
- Developed from works of Friedrich Ratzel, Alexander von Humboldt, Ellsworth Huntingt…
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Question 12
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
“Vidal de la Blache was an adherent supporter of possibilism” . Comment. (15 marks)
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Vidal De La Blache
- Vidal de la Blache was one of the great pioneers of French School of Geography.
- He is called founder of Human Geography.
- He strongly criticized the concept of environmental determinism liking clues from Ratzel, he formulated the concept of possibilism.
Basis of Possibilism
- Possibilism explained that environment sets certain constraint…
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Question 13
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Discuss contribution of geographers in development of behavioural geography. (15 marks)
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Behavioural Geography
- Behavioural geography developed as a reaction to the Quantitative Revolution (Q. R.) in geography
- Behaviour geography tries to analyze human behaviour by disaggregate approach, mainly focusing on cognitive processes that occur behind spatial reasoning, decision making and behaviour.
Major Contributions
Sauer
- Was…
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Question 14
Question 15
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Discuss the similarities and differences in Varenius and Kant՚s geographical constructs. (20 marks)
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Varenius and Kant՚s Geographical Constructs
- Bernhard Varenius and Immanuel Kant were towering figures with regards to evolution of geography.
- Both were significantly important in development of geography as a discipline later.
- The period of Varenius and Kant is also known as the Classical Period of Modern Geographical Thought.
Similarities
- Both contribu…
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Question 16
Explanation
System Analysis Approach in Geography
- Geography deals with complex relationships of living and non-living organisms in or ecosystem.
- System analysis provides a framework for describing the whole complex and structure of activity.
- Therefore Berry and Chorley suggested system analysis as basic tools for geographic understanding.
General System Theory
- Conc…
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Question 17
Write in Short Short Answer▾
How would the theory of possibilism explain the human constructions shown in the map of San Francisco?
EditQuestion 18
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Welfare Geography has gained momentum in recent era. Elucidate citing suitable examples. (25 marks)
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Welfare Geography
- 1960s and 70s was dissent phase in geography with two new schools of thoughts- welfare and radical geography emerging.
- Welfare geography emerged as a reaction to quantitative revolution, positivism, spatial sciences, and model building. Welfare geography deals with issues of inequality and social justice.
- In 1970s, various social pro…
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