Optionals IAS Mains Geography: Questions 861 - 869 of 1537

Welfare Geography

• 1960s and 70s was dissent phase in geography with two new schools of thoughts- welfare and radical geography emerging.
• Welfare geography emerged as a reaction to quantitative revolution, positivism, spatial sciences, and model building. Welfare geography deals with issues of inequality and social justice.
• In 1970s, various social pro…

China՚S Age Distribution

• Higher number of dependents means higher health care costs.
• Lower number of workers means fewer people to support rising health care costs.
• Potential homelessness and insufficient care provided for elderly people.
• Economic downturn because jobs not filled after older workers retire.
• Because of its high dependency ratio, China is…

Idea of Areal Differentiation

• The concept of areal differentiation is to define the nature and scope of geography as a discipline.
• It tries to establish what content or method is valid in geography.
• Areal differentiation is the process by which geographers construct regains to describe and interpret the differences in different areas of earth՚s surfac…

Counterurbanization

• Counterurbanization is the process of a population becoming less centralized and generally moving from urban spaces into more-rural spaces.
• The factors that influence counterurbanization are higher costs of living in cities, less traffic and congestion in outlying areas, and the availability of improved transportation and communic…

Ideological Differences between Determinism and Possibilism

The dichotomy between determinism and possibilism ideologies were present since the inception of geography as a discipline.

Determinism

• Also called environmental determinism, tried to explain human actions as a response to the natural environment.
• Man is considered a passive agent in man-envir…

Indian Ocean Dipole in Monsoon Phenomena

• The Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) is a climatic phenomenon that occurs in the tropical parts of the Indian Parts of the Indian Ocean.
• IOD represents the Zonal Dipole Structure of various ocean- atmosphere parameters like the sea surface temperature, surface pressure etc. in the Tropical Indian Ocean.
• The Indian Oce…