Phanerogams-Gnetales [IAS (Admin.) Mains Botany]: Questions 1 - 8 of 8

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Question 1

Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

Compare the morphological characters of male and female strobili in Gnetum. (Paper-1, Section-A)

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Explanation

Gnetum is Dioecious

  • The reproductive organs are organized into well-developed cones or strobili.
  • Gnetum have male and female reproductive organs on separate plants.
  • Gnetum belongs to gymnosperms so they do not have flowers and instead of that cones or strobili sporangia bearing structure present at the tip of the axis.

Male Cone or Staminate Strobilus

  • T…

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Question 2

Appeared in Year: 2014 (IFS)

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

What are the angiospermic features of Gnetum? (Paper - 1, Section - B)

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Explanation

Angiospermic Features of Gnetum

  • Gymnosperms have naked-seeds but not fruits or flowers.
  • Gymnosperms developed during the Paleozoic Era and became dominant during the early Mesozoic Era.
  • The presence of companion cells in the angiosperms is one of the constant anatomical features which distinguish gymnosperm with the angiosperm.
  • Gnetum belongs to gymnos…

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Question 3

Appeared in Year: 2014 (IFS)

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

“Gnetum is a link between seed plants and seedless plants. “Justify the statement.

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Explanation

Gnetum

  • Gnetum is called the link between seed plants and seedless plants.
  • Seedless plant in this question is pteridophytes whereas seed plants are gymnosperm. So we can understand the gnetum as a link between gymnosperm and pteridophyte by studying the gnetum resemblance with gymnosperms and pteridophyte.

Gnetum Resemblance with Gymnosperm

  • The woods of…

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Question 4

Appeared in Year: 2014 (IFS)

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

What are the angiospermic feature of gnetum?

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Explanation

Gnetum Resemblance with Angiosperm

Both derived from common stock hemiangiosperms and had parallel evolution

  • In general habit sporophyte of gnetum climber or tree-like resembles angiosperms.
  • The leaves of gnetum are broad and green with reticulate venation and opposite state arrangement as an angiosperm.
  • All the main types of scattered formed in angios…

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Question 5

Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

Compare the morphological character of male and female strobili in Gnetum. (Paper 2)

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Explanation

Morphological Character of Male and Female Strobili in Gnetum

Male Strobili of Gnetum

  • The male strobili are borne in the axils of leaves.
  • The strobili may be branched or unbranched.
  • Each male strobilus has a long stout axis divided into nodes and inter-nodes.
  • The axis bear 10 - 15 successive pairs of sterile and connote bracts which fuse in pairs at eac…

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Question 6

Appeared in Year: 2019 (IFS)

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Gnetales is the most advanced among gymnosperms. substantiate.

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Explanation

Gnetales are considered as most advanced gymnosperms as they have lot of resemblance with the Angiosperms.

The Plants of this Class Hold Key Position
  • The plants of this class hold key position in the discussion related to the origin of angiosperm.
  • Gnetum and angiosperm both derbied from common stock – Hemi angiosperm.
  • They both have parallel evolution.

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Question 7

Appeared in Year: 2017

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

Draw a well-labelled diagram of L. S. of Gnetum ovule and briefly describe its female gametophyte also.

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Explanation

L. S. of Gnetum ovule

L S of Gnetum Ovule

Female Gametophyte

  • Four to ten ovular primordia differentiate on the annular meristematic ring. This ring develops below each collar of the female cone in the same manner as that of the male cone. The ovular primordium divides and re-divides several times to form a mass of cells.
  • All the three envelopes of the …

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Question 8

Appeared in Year: 2019

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

Discuss the salient features of Gnetales. Why are they regarded as the most evolved Gymnosperms? (Paper I)

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Explanation

Features of Gnetales

Gnetales General Characteristics

  • These are woody plants, some of which are trees (Gnetum gnemon) , many of which are lines or shrubs, and a few of which are stumpy turnip-like plants (e. g. , Welwitschia mirabilis) .
  • The leaves are elliptical, strap-shaped, or reduced to minute scales. They are often opposing or whorled.
  • The second…

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