IAS (Admin.) Mains Botany: Questions 406 - 413 of 1252
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Question 406
Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Write a brief note on of different types of secondary metabolites in plant Defence and as pharmaceuticals.
EditExplanation
Secondary Metabolites
- They are the molecules products of metabolism that are not required for the survival of organism.
- They are secreted by the plants and stored by them as they do not directly contribute of the growth of the plants but they act as Defence system for them.
- As use by us as pharmaceutical.
- They are poisonous agent for different insects …
… (505 more words, 1 figure) …
Question 407
Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Describe the molecular mechanism of gene linkage and crossing-over. Explain how gene mapping is constructed using gene linkage with suitable diagrams.
EditExplanation
Molecular Basis of Crossing Over
Gene Conversion
- Gene conversion is the unequal recovery of alleles in the region of exchange during genetic recombination.
- It results into 3: 1 ratios where normally the ratio is 2: 2 in the meiotic products.
Post Meiotic Segregation
- In fungi, the four products of meiosis undergo one mitotic division to produce 8 spores.
- …
… (649 more words, 25 figures) …
Question 408
Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Write a short note on post-transcriptional modifications of mRNA
EditExplanation
Post-Transcriptional Modifications of mRNA
- First- there are mostly three RNA polymerase in the nucleus. There functions are well defined. The RNA polymerase I transcribes rRNA and RNA polymerase III transcribes tRNA, 5rRNA and snRNA.
- The transcription and translation is coupled in prokaryotes.
- In prokaryotic mRNA does not require any post-transcriptio…
… (145 more words, 19 figures) …
Question 409
Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
How do you justify Asteraceae as a phylogenetically advanced family in dicotyledons?
EditExplanation
Asteraceae
- Family is named after its flower shape that is star shape.
- It contains 950 genera and 22,000 species.
- It is 10% of total angiosperm population.
Advanced Characters
- The family Asteraceae also known as Compositae.
- It is regarded as the most advanced and highly evolved.
- They are considered to occupy the highest position in the p…
… (182 more words, 20 figures) …
Question 410
Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Write a brief note on Hotspots in India Characteristics and conservations
EditExplanation
Biodiversity Hotspots
- Biodiversity hotspots are regions with high species richness and a high degree of endemism.
- India due to its unique geographical position, distinct physiographic and climate zones, and gradients has a very rich and diverse flora fauna with high [percentage of endemism.
- Hotspots covers less than 2 percent of the world land but con…
… (360 more words) …
Question 411
Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
What is haploid cell culture? How is this technique useful in agriculture?
EditExplanation
Haploid Cells
- Haploid cells may be obtained either by in vitro Androgenesis or by in vitro gynogenesis.
- In-vitro Androgenesis is the culture of anther, pollen or microspores.
- In-vitro gynogenesis is the culture of unfertilized egg cells, cells of embryo sac, ovary etc.
Anther Culture
- It is a technique by which the deploying anther is exercised specially…
… (348 more words, 9 figures) …
Question 412
Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Describe different methods of selection and hybridization in plant breeding. Give a note on heterosis breeding.
EditExplanation
Plant Breeding
Methods of Selection
- Selection is a process to choose male and female mate for desirable offspring՚s.
- Single trait
- Multiple trait
Tandem Selection
- In this type of selection, one trait is in focus at the time until a satisfactory level of performance is achieved.
- Selection cause change in result to correlated traits.
Independent Culling Level…
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Question 413
Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Write a brief note on role of Rubisco in carbon metabolism.
EditExplanation
Rubisco
- Rubisco also known as Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase enzyme.
- It the enzyme involve in first step of carbon fixation.
In Light Reaction
- Rubisco activity provides the acceptor molecules (PGA) necessary to hydrolyse ATP and oxidize NADPH to continue electron transport.
- It catalyses the entry of carbon dioxide into photosynthetic me…
… (94 more words, 4 figures) …