IAS (Admin.) Mains Botany: Questions 34 - 42 of 1252
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Question 34
Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Write short notes on the following: Herbaria (Paper 1, Section B)
EditExplanation
Herbaria
- A herbarium is a collection of plant samples preserved for long term study.
- A herbarium is a collection of dried plants or fungi used for scientific study. Herbaria are the main source of data for the field of botany called taxonomy.
- Herbaria are plural for herbarium.
- Herbaria are usually associated with universities, museums, or botanical gar…
… (450 more words) …
Question 35
Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Discuss the stages of development of male gametophyte in Pinus before pollination. (Paper-1, Section-A)
EditExplanation
Spores Are the Main Units for the Gametophytic Life Cycle
- In pinus, spores are mainly two types; microspores and mega-spores.
- Microspores are germination to give rise to male gametophyte and mega-spores germination to give rise to female gametophyte.
- In Pinus male gametophyte, microspore is the unit of it.
- Microspore is also called as pollen grain.
- Poll…
… (205 more words, 16 figures) …
Question 36
Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
What is plant quarantine? (Paper-1, Section-A)
EditExplanation
Meaning of Plant Quarantine
- Plant quarantine means the effort of prevent entry, establishment or spread of a foreign pest in the country by imposing legal restriction on the movement of plant and plant products.
- Plant quarantine is a mechanism or technique by which disease and pest free plants are formed.
- Aim of plant quarantine is to the protect the …
… (226 more words, 10 figures) …
Question 37
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Give two popular examples where genetic differences influence induction of mutation. (Paper 2, Section A)
EditExplanation
What is Mutation?
- A mutation is a permanent change in the sequence of DNA.
- Mutations are physical changes in genes and chromosomes.
- They may be confined to a single cell or may be transmitted from one cell to another within a multicellular organism or may be transmitted from one generation to another through mutation in the gametes.
Induction of Mutati…
… (342 more words, 4 figures) …
Question 38
Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
What are the merits of pedigree methods? (Paper 2, Section A)
EditExplanation
What is Pedigree Method?
- Individual plants are selected from F2 and the subsequent generation and their progenies are tested.
- Pedigree record is the record of the entire parent՚s offspring relationship in this process
- Selection of individual plant is continued till the progenies show no segregation.
- Selection is done among the progenies as there would …
… (127 more words) …
Question 39
Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
Suggest why prions should not be included among viruses. (Paper 2, Section A)
EditExplanation
Prions and Viruses
- Prions are infectious agents of diseases in animals and humans and probably represent the simplest form of life on earth.
- Prions are rod-shaped particles and consider as smaller than viruses.
- The rods contain one prion protein is called PrP (prion protein) .
- Viruses contain DNA or RNA, which specify the structure of proteins. The gen…
… (170 more words, 7 figures) …
Question 40
Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
How will you distinguish cytologically between paracentric inversion and pericentric inversion? (Paper 2, Section A)
EditExplanation
Paracentric Inversion
- Paracentric inversions do not occur in the centromere.
- Crossing over only occurs in the out the loop in one arm of the chromosome.
- The result is a large loop in where recombination occurs in only part of the loop.
- When crossover occurs within the loop, it causes the cells to die during meiosis.
- This means that the only possible out…
… (286 more words, 25 figures) …
Question 41
Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)
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Is the genetic code universal? (Paper 2, Section A)
EditExplanation
What is Genetic Code?
- The set of DNA and RNA sequences that determine the amino acid sequences used in the synthesis of an organism՚s proteins.
- The set of 64 codons are corresponding to the 20 amino acids which are used for protein synthesis and as the signals for starting and stopping protein synthesis.
- It is the biochemical basis of heredity and nea…
… (255 more words, 5 figures) …
Question 42
Appeared in Year: 2014 (IFS)
Describe in Detail Subjective▾
What are the different types of flagella found in fungi? (Paper A Section A)
EditExplanation
Two Types of Flagella
Tinsel type: Flagellum with a large number of hair like outgrowths (cilia) all around its surface.
Whiplash type: A long thread like structure being rigid at the base with 11 fibrils and thinner towards the apex as the 2 central fibrils project out. The latter portion is flexible.
- Different types of fl…
… (84 more words, 17 figures) …