IAS (Admin.) Mains Botany: Questions 310 - 318 of 1252

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Question 310

Appeared in Year: 2016 (IFS)

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Discuss the roles of different hormones and enzymes involved in seed germination.

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Question 311

Appeared in Year: 2016 (IFS)

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Describe different methods of gene transfer in plants. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of transgenic plants.

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Explanation

Gene Transfer in Plants

  • There is different method of gene transfer in plants-
    • Vector mediated transfer method
    • Agrobacterium
    • Virus mediated transfer method
      • Caulimoviruses
      • Gemini viruses
      • RNA viruses
  • Vectors that are used for transfer of the genes in the plants are RNA and DNA based.
  • In vectors based on T-DNA the vector DNA translocate into the nucleus and int…

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Question 312

Appeared in Year: 2016 (IFS)

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Discuss the role of phytoremediation in the treatment of heavy metal polluted soil. Explain the bioremediation of hydrocarbon.

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Explanation

Role of Phytoremediation in the Treatment of Heavy Metal Polluted Soil

  • The capacity of plants to sequester heavy metal ions by binding them to phytochelatin used to detoxify soils polluted with heavy metals.
  • On such soils plants are grown, which by breeding or genetic engineering have a particularly high capacity for heavy metal uptake by the roots a…

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Question 313

Appeared in Year: 2017 (IFS)

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Discuss in brief the distinctive flora of the Mesozoic Era.

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Explanation

Distinctive Flora of the Mesozoic Era

  • On the basis of Geological time scale Mesozoic era is divided into three period named Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous.
  • They all have different kind of flora present in different period of time.

Triassic

  • Triassic period is arid and that՚s why plant which support arid environment grow faster in this period.
  • Presence…

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Question 314

Appeared in Year: 2017 (IFS)

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Significance of accessory chromosomes.

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Explanation

Accessory Chromosomes

  • Chromosome that is additional to the regular karyotype of a species is called accessory chromosome.
  • It is also known as B chromosome and supernumerary chromosome.
  • It may or may not found in organism.
  • Mostly they are non-coding hetero-chromatic chromosome but certain some euchromatic segments.
  • Some they are said selfish genetic elem…

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Question 315

Appeared in Year: 2017 (IFS)

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

Describe the role of phytohormones in agri- horticulture.

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Explanation

Different Role of Different Phytohormone in Agri-Horticulture

Auxin

  • Propagation
  • Stimulation of fruit set
  • Chemical thinning
  • Prevent fruit drop
  • Herbicidal action

Gibberellins

  • Increase fruit size in grape.
  • Stimulate fruit set.
  • Effect fruit ripening.
  • Increase yield in sugarcane.
  • Malting of barley.
  • Controlling flower bud production.
  • Overcome environmental constraints…

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Question 316

Appeared in Year: 2017 (IFS)

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Describe the molecular basis of plant-pathogen interaction, with examples.

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Explanation

Molecular Basis of Plant-Pathogen Interaction

  • During the contact between plants and pathogen a particular chain of events happen in the plant,
  • The plant is provided by receptor that interacts with bacterial protein; as a result quick protective reaction is being developed.
  • The protein of pathogenic organism are virulent for the given plant genotype.
  • Th…

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Question 317

Appeared in Year: 2017 (IFS)

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Callus culture: origin and application.

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Explanation

Callus Culture

  • Culture of a differentiated tissue from ex-plant allowed dedifferentiating in vitro and that is called callus tissue.

Origin

  • R. J. Gautheret first succeeded in development of callus tissue from excised cambial tissue of Salix capraea.
  • He grew the callus by using simple nutrient medium.
  • P. nobecourt established the callus culture capable o…

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Question 318

Appeared in Year: 2017 (IFS)

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Give the concept on the inflorescence of Musaceae.

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