Optionals IAS Mains Botany: Questions 130 - 138 of 511

Flagella Found in Fungi

• Higher fungi are immovable but lower fungi have two types of flagella in their reproductive cells.
• It may be uniflagellate or biflagellate for example fungi of Phycomycetes reproductive cells.
• They have two types of flagella whiplash and tinsel.

Whiplash Flagella

• Whiplash flagella are unbranched flagella with smooth surface with …

Modelling and Disease Forecasting

• Modelling is a significant task of systematic biology. Modelling is significant task to make forecasting models.
• It aims to develop and use efficient algorithms, data, and structure, visualisation and communication tools with the goal of computer model of biology systems.
• It involve in disease forecasting now let us k…

Phylogeny of Algae

• The term phylogeny is the evolutionary development and diversification of species or any particular feature.
• The algae are an assemblage of morphologically diverse, photosynthetic protists that are ubiquitous in distribution.
• to understand algal phylogeny, it has been revolutionized with molecular evolutionary methods.
• The molecular …

Gymnosperms as Naked Seeded Plants

• The earliest seed plants produced seeds that sat unprotected on the surface of leaves or modified stems.
• As they are first vascular plants that are totally independent of water bodies for their fertilization as there e ancestor needs water for their fertilization purpose.
• These first seed plants hide their seed benea…

Unique Features of Brassicaceae

• Brassicaceae also known as Cruciferae (eg mustard) .
• Plants are herbs with alternation extipulate leaves.
• Petals are, free and cruciform.
• Stamens are 6 and tetrsdynamous.
• Ovary is unilocular but becomes bilocular later.
• Flower is generally actnomorphic but rarely zygomorphic.
• Flower is hermoaphrodite. It means flower that h…

Cordaitales

• The order consist extinct plants which were originated in the Devonian period.
• In carboniferous period they flourished well in the form of thick forests of the world and ultimately vanished in the Triassic Period.
• there are some characteristic features of the members are
• The plants were tall and formed dense forest.
• Secondary growth and dist…

Quarantine Procedure

• Plant quarantine is a type of prophylactic measure.
• The prophylactic measure is preventive and includes protection of the host from exposure to the pathogen from infection or from environmental factors favourable to disease development.
• Plant quarantine is a legal restriction to the national or international level on the trade of …

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

• Prokaryotes are organism which have prokaryotic type of cells whereas eukaryotes are the organism which have Eukaryotic type of cells.
• prokaryotic are basically one envelope system in comparison to Eukaryotic they are smaller in size.
• unlike Eukaryotic they lack double membrane cell organelle e. g. endoplasmic reticulum mito…

Ethnobotany

• Ethnobotany the ancient man has accurate recognition of non-poisonous plants that he can utilise.
• In India study of plant in Rigveda that divided into three parts vrska, Osadhi, Virudha (the Creepers) .
• Ethnobotany is a term that is derived from the ethnology (that is study of culture) .
• The scientific study of the relationship that exists …