IAS (Admin.) Mains Geography Physical Setting- India-Structure and Relief Study Material (Page 3 of 11)

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Structure: Cratons of India

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Cratons of India

The Indian shield is made up of a mosaic of Precambrian metamorphic terrains that exhibit low to high-grade crystalline rocks. These terrains, constituting the continental crust, attained tectonic stability for prolonged period (since Precambrian time) and are designated cratons. As shown in the figure the cratons are flanked by fold belts suggesting that the cratons, as crustal blocks or microplates, moved against each other and collided to generate these fold belts

Cratons of India

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Structure: Tectonic Evolution of India

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Tectonic Evolution of India

  • Cooling and solidification of the upper crust of the earth occurred in Archaean Era. It explains the gneisses and granites mainly found on the Peninsula. These gneisses and granites formed the core of Indian Craton.
  • Aravalli Range is the remains of early Proterozoic orogens called Aravalli-Delhi Orogen. It extends approximately 500 km from Aravalli Range ending near Delhi (see figure) . The collision between the Bundelkhand craton and the Aravalli Craton i…

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