IAS (Admin.) Mains Geography Geomorphology-Endogenetic and Exogenetic Forces Study Material (Page 14 of 15)

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Folds and Basic Fold Geometry

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Folds are manifestation of compressional stress representing undulated rock deformation. A fold can be considered as a structural feature that is formed when planar surfaces are bent or curved and rocks are deformed. The term deformation refers to changes in shape, position, or orientation of a body resulting from the application of a differential stress. In fold rocks are deformed by compressional stress which forms wavy undulations on the surface of the earth.

Basic Fold Geometry

The basic fold geometry includes: Hinge, Limb, Hinge Line, Axial Plane, Interlimb Angle, an…

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Fault and Basic Geometry and Classification of Faults

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Fault and Basic Geometry

  • Faults reflect ruptures or crakes in the earth along which one side is relatively displaced with reference to the other side. Sometimes they are also known as disjunctive dislocation. In size and total displacement, they may range from a few inches to hundreds of kilometers long.
  • Geomorphologists and geologists recognize the fault by identifying omission of strata, dislocation of structure or the discontinuity, geometry of fault plane, sudden changes …

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