IAS (Admin.) Mains Geography Environmental Geography-Principle of Ecology Study Material (Page 2 of 14)

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Principles of Ecology: Ecosystem

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Ecosystem

Web, community, or organisms՚ network that are placed into self-organized and complex systems is called as ecosystem. Several levels of bigger systems are composed of smaller systems linked through biophysical feedback. It connects living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) environmental components to generate and regulate biogeochemical…

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Principles of Ecology: Classification of Ecosystem

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Classification of Ecosystem

Based on Habitat

Based on habitat ecosystems is broadly classified as terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem:

Terrestrial Ecosystems

Ecosystems, which exist on land, are called terrestrial ecosystems. They are broadly classified into:

  • Forest Ecosystem: Dense ecosystem with abundant flora and fauna in relatively small area is forest ecosystem. These are very fragile, small deviation can collapse such an ecosystem. These can be further classified as:
    • Tropical Evergreen Forest: These forests receive average rainfall of 200 - 1000 cm per year. These have dense vegetation (tall trees of varied heights) where every level of height provides shelter to various animal types.
    • Tropical Deciduous Forest: These forest…

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