Cell Biology-Chromosomes [IAS (Admin.) Mains Botany]: Questions 1 - 8 of 9

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Question 1

Appeared in Year: 2014 (IFS)

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

Explain the following in about 150 words each: Basic chromosome number may be different from haploid number. (Paper 2 - Section A)

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Explanation

Chromosome Number and Haploid Number

  • The number of chromosomes per cell is fixed for a given species.
  • In human beings, the number of chromosome is 46, this is called diploid number where in gametes, and the number of chromosomes is only half of the diploid number and is 23 and is called haploid number. The haploid chromosome number is produced during…

… (221 more words, 9 figures) …

Question 2

Appeared in Year: 2014 (IFS)

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Basic chromosome number may be different from haploid number. (Paper 2)

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Explanation

Basic Chromosome

Basic chromosome refers to the number of chromosome found in a single complete set of chromosome.

Haploid Number

Whereas the total number of chromosome found in a gamete is called haploid number.

  • Human are diploid organisms, having two set of 23 chromosome. For diploid organism the basic chromosome number and haploid number is equal. F…

… (84 more words, 4 figures) …

Question 3

Appeared in Year: 2015 (IFS)

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How will you distinguish cytologically between paracentric inversion and pericentric inversion. (Paper II)

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Explanation

Inversion

  • Inversion involves a rotation of a part of a chromosome or a set of genes by 180 degree on its own axis.
  • It essentially involves occurrence of breakage and reunion. The net result of inversion is neither a gain nor a loss in the genetic material but simply a rearrangement of the gene sequence.
  • Inversion heterozygote has one chromosome in the…

… (308 more words) …

Question 4

Appeared in Year: 2018 (IFS)

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Write a short note on post-transcriptional modifications of mRNA

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Explanation

Post-Transcriptional Modifications of mRNA

  • First- there are mostly three RNA polymerase in the nucleus. There functions are well defined. The RNA polymerase I transcribes rRNA and RNA polymerase III transcribes tRNA, 5rRNA and snRNA.
  • The transcription and translation is coupled in prokaryotes.
  • In prokaryotic mRNA does not require any post-transcriptio…

… (145 more words, 19 figures) …

Question 5

Appeared in Year: 2015

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Write short note on: Species based mechanism of invasion

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Explanation

Inversion

  • Inversion involves a rotation of a part of a chromosome or a set of genes by 180 degree on its own axis.
  • It essentially involves occurrence of breakage and reunion. The net result of inversion is neither a gain nor a loss in the genetic material but simply a rearrangement of the gene sequence.
  • Inversion heterozygote has one chromosome in the…

… (310 more words) …

Question 6

Appeared in Year: 2020

Write in Short Short Answer▾

Polyteny differs from polyploidy.

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Question 7

Appeared in Year: 2019 (IFS)

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Distinguish between paracentric and pericentric inversions with diagrams. Explain with sketches the different meiotic products resulting from a single crossover within a paracentric and pericentric loop.

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Explanation

Inversion

  • Inversion involves a rotation of a part of a chromosome or a set of genes by 180 degree on its own axis.
  • It essentially involves occurrence of breakage and reunion. The net result of inversion is neither a gain nor a loss in the genetic material but simply a rearrangement of the gene sequence.
  • Inversion heterozygote has one chromosome in the…

… (320 more words, 15 figures) …

Question 8

Appeared in Year: 2021

Describe in Detail Subjective▾

Answer the following in about 150 words each: Genetic consequences of inversion (Paper-2)

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Explanation

Inversion

  • Inversions can occur naturally or be created purposefully. Inversions are seen in many species՚ natural populations. Inversions have been widely researched in several Drosophila species, including D. pseudoobscura, D. persimilis, and D. willistoni. They have been found in a variety of plant species, including maize, barley, broad bean, Tra…

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