GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) Philosophy (XH-C4) Classical and Modern Western Philosophy-Symbolic Logic Study Material (Page 11 of 25)

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Moral High Ground Fallacy, Naturalistic Fallacy, Nirvana Fallacy

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Formal fallacies are those which occur in the logical structure of a deductive argument. On the other hand, informal fallacies are committed not because of the problem in the logical structure of the argument, rather there is a problem with the content of the argument. Some of the informal fallacies are;

Moral High Ground Fallacy, Moralistic Fallacy

  • This informal fallacy occurs when one carries a “holier than thou” attitude in an attempt to make oneself look better, superior to the others and win an argument.
  • It is also known as the high ground fallacy.

Moralistic Fallacy

  • It is also called fallacy of wishful thinking.
  • It occurs when one believes that the way things should be is exactly how they really are.
  • T…

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Rules of Replacement, De Morgan՚s Theorems

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  • Rules of replacement are logically equivalent expressions.
  • In other words, rule of replacement means the rule which allows is to infer from any statement the results of replacing any component of the same statement by any other statement that is logically equivalent to the replaced component of the first statement.

For example;

The following stamens can be inferred

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