GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) Philosophy (XH-C4) Classical and Modern Western Philosophy-Logic Study Material (Page 13 of 23)

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History of Logic: Historical Background of Propositional Logic, Rationality, Quantifiers

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History of Logic

Historical Background of Propositional Logic

  • Rudolf Carnap was a German-born philosopher. He was a logical positivist.
  • Logical positivism, also known as modern empiricism, says that there is no possibility of synthetic a priori knowledge.
  • Carnap talked about history of logic and believed that logic provided the discourse for epistemology and metaphysics.
  • Carnap also talks about logical syntax, introduced by Wittgenstein in Tractatus.
  • How do logical systems evolve? If the logical systems evolve, they could be progressing towards a more and more modern logical system by either modifying the previous logical systems or rejecting them to form a new one altogether.
  • If it is …

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Three Factors That Define the Work of a Logician, Generality: The Use of Formulae

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Understanding Formal Logic

Three Factors That Define the Work of a Logician

There are three factors which characterise the work of a logician:

  • Generality: The use of formulae
  • Form
  • System

Generality: The Use of Formulae

  • Why do we need generality? If the logician went about the task of recording particular entailments i.e.. entailments between individual statements, it will not be possible for him to exhaust them. A particular set of particular entailments i.e.. entailments between individual statements can be given a general entailment- statement.
  • For instance, as Strawson exemplifies, any statement to the effect that a…

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