Transgenic Animals (40 mins) | Lecture 43/90 | ASRB NET (ICAR-NET) Veterinary Microbiology

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Techniques in Microbiology and VaccinologyApplication of Molecular Techniques

Transgenic Animals

Transgenesis: Adding foreign DNA heritably.

Transgenic Animals: Engineered with foreign DNA.

Genetic Modification: Altering genetics.

Genetic Engineering: Modifying DNA.

Transgenic Organism: Engineered with foreign genes.

Production of transgenic animals

Microinjection: DNA into male pronucleus.

Engineered stem cells into early embryos.

Retroviral vectors in early embryo cells.

Gene knockout

Gene Knockout: Organism with non-working genes.

Difference from Transgenic Mice: Transgenic mice have extra genes; knockouts have non-functional native genes.

Difference from Knock-In Mice: Knockouts had genes replaced; knock-ins add new genes.

Knock-In Mice: Insert functional genes, sometimes from other species.

Cre-loxP recombinant system

Nuclear Transfer Technology

Principle: Oocyte nucleus replaced with somatic cell nucleus.

Development:

First in Xenopus (1952), Dolly (1995).

Procedure:

Enucleation, nucleus transfer, embryo activation.

Applications:

Cloning, genetic modification, livestock improvement.

Question: ANDi is a cloned?

Answer: genetically modified Rhesus monkey

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